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South Asia

South Asia. SSWG5d Describe the various ethnic and religious groups in the region and the effects of geography on their development and their major customs and traditions SSWG5f Explain the division of the Indian Subcontinent into India and Pakistan and the eventual creation of Bangladesh.

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South Asia

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  1. South Asia SSWG5d Describe the various ethnic and religious groups in the region and the effects of geography on their development and their major customs and traditions SSWG5f Explain the division of the Indian Subcontinent into India and Pakistan and the eventual creation of Bangladesh

  2. India • India is the largest country in South Asia and has the most developed economy • Indian culture is deeply influenced by religion • Majority Hindu but also has a large Muslim population • India is one of the oldest culture hearths

  3. Mohandas “Mahatma” Gandhi • Born in 1869, at age 13 married 14 year old “Ba” • 1888 studied law in London and got a job in South Africa • While in South Africa Gandhi witnessed and experienced a lot of Indian prejudice • Gandhi first began using “non violent” protests against the South African government

  4. Independence Movement • 1915 Gandhi moved back to India where many Indians had turned against British rule. • Gandhi employed non-cooperation, non-violence and peaceful resistance as his "weapons" in the struggle against British • Began a boycott of British goods • Finally in 1947 India wins independence • 1948 Gandhi is assassinated by a radical Muslim

  5. Partition and War • 1947 partition creates Hindu India, Muslim East and West Pakistan • Hindu-Muslim violence killed one million people • 10 million crossed borders: Hindus to India, Muslims to Pakistan • Ethnic differences led to civil war between West and East Pakistan • East Pakistan won independence in 1971, became Bangladesh

  6. Major Conflicts • Pakistan and Bangladesh: Islamic differences • Pakistan’s stricter Islamic law includes purdah-women’s seclusion • women have no contact with men not related, wear veils in public • Bangladesh’s religious practices are less strict • Kashmir: Disputed territory • Majority of people are Muslim but England made it part of India • Pakistan and India have fought over the territory for 50 years

  7. Overpopulation: India • India’s population is growing so rapidly it will soon surpass China as the most populous country • Southern India is more urbanized and educated with lower birth rates • Northern India is still rural with women still having an average of 5 children in their lifetime • Male preference; 35 million fewer women than men • If birth rates in the north do not change India’s population will double by 2050

  8. Overpopulation: Slums • More people live in India’s slums than all of Great Britain • 93 million Indians live in slums • Many slums are seen as a breeding ground for social problems and high disease rates • Some slums in India though have a huge network of businesses and cottage industries

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