Future of ICT Services

1. Future of ICT Services Maurizio Dècina Politecnico di Milano AICT Meeting on the Italian ICT Roma, 13 Dicembre 2005

3. Topics • Future of Information Services • Future of Networked Services • Convergent Services • Competition for Information Services

4. The Service Interoperability Gap

5. An History of Interoperability Email EDI Microcomputer, OS, Mailboxes RPCs CORBA, DCOM The Web XML and RELATED eSpeak, XML-RPC, SOAP 0.9 SOAP & WSDL Web Services Semantic Web 1990 1996 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2005 1970 1980 Scale Change

6. Semantic Web Services Semantic Web Services Web Services UDDI, WSDL, SOAP Dynamic WWW URI, HTML, HTTP Semantic Web RDF, RDF(S), OWL Static

7. Web Services Concept • Program-to-Program Communication Architecture using XML and • UDDI Universal Description, Discovery & Integration - registry –Locate services • WSDL Web Services Description Language– template –Describe services • SOAP Simple Object Access Protocol– programmatic interface –Access services • Web Services use • Internet Protocols TCP/IP UDDI WSDL SOAP XML Common Internet Protocol (TCP/IP, HTTP, etc.)

8. Web Services and the Syntactic Web [Hendler & Miller 02]

9. Hard using the Syntactic Web for • Finding the image of something • Find pictures that contain red birds with blue background • Complex queries involving background knowledge • Find information about “animals that use sonar but are not either bats or dolphins” • Locating information in data repositories • Travel enquiries • Prices of goods and services • Results of human genome experiments • Finding and using “web services” • Visualise surface interactions between two proteins • Delegating complex tasks to web “agents” • Book me a holiday next weekend somewhere warm, not too far away, and where they speak French or English

10. Berner-Lee’s Semantic Web Architecture Tim Berners-Leehttp://www.w3.org/2002/Talks/09-lcs-sweb-tbl/

11. Semantic Web Layers • XML Layer • Syntactic basis • RDF (Resource Description Framework) Layer • RDF basic data model for facts • RDF Schema simple ontology language • Ontology Layer • More expressive languages than RDF Schema • Current Web standard: OWL • Logic Layer • enhance ontology languages further • application-specific declarative knowledge • Proof Layer • Proof generation, exchange, validation • Trust Layer • Digital signatures • Recommendations, Rating Agencies

12. Semantic Web Services (SWS)& Intelligent Web Agents SWS, Intelligent Web Agent Web Services (WSDL, SOAP, UDDI, …) Semantic Web (RDF, RDFS, OWL, …) WWW (HTML, HTTP, URI, …)

13. Networking at Multiple Layers

14. Multilayer Networks Application Agents Applications 5 4 3 2 1 Grid Networks Content Delivery Networks Peer-to-Peer Networks Active Networks: XML Routing Content-Based Routing IP Networks MPLS, Wireless Mobility IP Routing Ethernet Networks RPR, MPLS, WiFi TDM Networks ISDN, GSM, ATM Wireless Ad Hoc Networks Wireless Sensors Networks Radio, Fibre, SDH & WDM Media Interconnections

15. Overlay Networks Grid Networks Content Delivery Networks Peer-to-Peer Networks Active Networks: XML Routing Underlay Nets

16. Evolution of Telephony Plain Old Telephony Service & ISDN 1900 - … IP Networking 1995 Internet Telephony “Voice over IP” Legacy networks Peer-To-Peer Systems 2000 IP networks Voice over IP Peer-To-Peer 2005 ? ?

17. Login PSTN/PLMN Server PSTN GW Peer Peer Peer Peer Peer Super Super Node Node Super Super Node Node Peer Peer Peer Peer Peer Peer Skype Networking Architecture • Super Nodes • - They are established after acceptance test by Skype • -They have public IP address • They offer storage, processing • & bandwidth • Each Serves 100s Peer Nodes • They route encrypted calls • They execute “NAT” of private IP addresses • They exploit p2p protocol

18. AP BTS BTS Wireless Ad-Hoc Networks Architectures Wired Internet Infrastructure Wired Internet Infrastructure Multi-tiered Interfaces to wired network Ad-hoc associations Gateway node Forwarding Node Extended Coverage Wide Area Cell Microcell 3G cell Ad-hoc associations Forwarding node End-user radios (with routing capability) End-user radios (no routing capability) “Flat” mesh network with ad-hoc routing Hierarchical architecture with radio forwarding nodes and AP’s/BS’s

19. Wireless Sensor Network Architecture Pervasive Application Agents User interfaces for information & control Servers Internet (IP Routing) AP/BTS Overlay Pervasive Network Services Sensor net/IP GW GW Relay Node Sensor/ Actuator Ad-Hoc Sensor Net A Ad-Hoc Sensor Net B Virtualized Physical World Object or Event

20. Pervasive Systems Layered Architeture Robust, context-aware software framework Pervasive Computing Middleware/Applications Attribute and location aware network services for dynamic binding Content-based overlay networks Security Scalable wireless network infrastructure supporting multiple low-tier nets IP Wireless Networks with Heterogeneous Radio Access & Mobility Ad-Hoc Wireless Networks (MAC,Discovery & Routing) Self-organizing low-tierwireless network supporting power-limited devices

21. Multilayer Discovery and Routing Protocols • Peer-to-Peer Networks (DHT, Chord, CAN, Pastry, ..) • Wireless AD-Hoc Networks (AODV, DSR, TORA,..) • Wireless Sensor Networks (GPSR, Geometric Routing, LEAC,..) • Wireless IP Networks (Mobile IP, Radius/Diameter, ..) • IP Networks (RIP, OSPF, BGP,…DVMRP, MOSPF,..) • Ethernet Networks (RPR, MPLS,..) • Cellular Mobile Radio Networks (HLR, VLR, BSC ) • TDM telephony Networks (HDR, NHDR)

22. ICT Service Convergence

23. ICMT & World/ChinaBusiness Convergence Telco’s China Co’s Vodafone H3G China Mobile  Deutsche Telecom BellSouth France Telecom China Unicom Telecom Italia SBC-MCI China Telecom Telefonica Verizon-AT&T Sprint KPN-Qwest China Netcom BT Sougou Comcast Vonage Baidu Disney Skype Time Warner MSN ESPN AOL eBay Google News Corp. BBC Yahoo! Amazon CNN Media Co’s Internet Co’s

24. Digital Rights Management Scenario Content Package Content Package Provider Encryption Metadata Client DRM Packager Content Content DRM Controller Rendering Application Encryption Keys Rights & Policies Encryption Rights DRM License Provider Identity Keys Identities License Server License

25. Metro Metro Access Edge Live Unicast IPTV over DSLBroadcast to Unicast Convergence Client Cache Location Video Center Metro Area Network Core Internet Backbone Video Server STB Access Network Router GEthernet DSLAM MSAN Switch Core Unicast Links Multicast Links

26. Router Card Applications Applications Intelligent Networks Applications Server Farms Router Card/Blades IP/GEthernet Network Application-level Caching Optimal XML Routing SSL Acceleration Format Translation Clients

27. Evolving Wireless Communications UltraWideBand 802.15.3 Bluetooth 802.15.1 CABLE REPLACEMENT ZigBee 802.15.4 PAN 802.11a/g/n Wi-Fi 802.11b HOME, OFFICE PUBLIC ACCESS WLAN LIMITED MobileFi 802.20 CITY, SUBURBS WMAN WiMAX 802.16a/e Range Mobility GSM COUNTRY, REGION WIDE GPRS UMTS HSDPA/ HSUPA FULL WAN EDGE 1 kbit/s 10 kbit/s 100 kbit/s 1 Mbit/s 10 Mbit/s 100 Mbit/s 1 Gbit/s Bit Rate

28. Fixed to Mobile Convergence Modelsbased on Dual Mode Terminals (Wi-Fi-WiMAX/2G-3G) Single Mobile Number Single SIP ID SIP SIP MOBILE MOBILE Longboard, BridgePort, Outsmart,… MOBILE MOBILE Nomadic Provider Provider UNC UNC FIXED FIXED FIXED FIXED IMS UMA Single Mobile Number Double Numbers (Fixed/Mobile) Site based Norwood,... Breakout SCCAN Wireless centric Wireline centric UMA (Unlicensed Mobile Access) SCCAN (Seamless Converged Communication Across Networks)

29. AAA SIP-Based Fixed Mobile Convergence Services & Applications PSTN Interconnection • Distributed session control for voice, video, and messaging services • Centralized session routing, hierarchical LDAP directories, advanced routing capabilities (i.e. ENUM, IP centrex) • Distributed registration and access control (AAA) • IMS logical architecture for convergence with mobile 3G packet networks (UMTS) and IP networks, both fixed and mobile LDAP Session Border Controller master VoIP Peering, OSP SIP SIP SS SIP SS SIP IP Network GK LDAP SR SR H.323 SIP SIP IP PBX SP 3G mobile RGW SIP phone H.323 island SIP native users

30. Media Telecom Internet Competition for ICT Services

31. Telco’s Verizon Qwest BT BellSouth FT H3G TelecomItalia Vodafone DT Telefonica Comcast Vonage TimeWarner Skype Yahoo! ESPN CNN AOL Amazon Source: The Economist,2005 Google Sky BBC eBay MSN Media Co’s Internet Co’s VoIP Future - Who’s Going to Risk? • VoIP will wipe out old telephony • Voice revenues will shrink dramatically • Questions are: • how long will it take? • who’s going to risk more? • which strategy for Telco’s?

32. Telecom Internet Media Telco’s Moving to “New Wave Business” • Telco's • Need to accelerate network transition to IP technology: the NGN platform • Need to accelerate creation of Fixed to Mobile Platform/Market Convergence • Need to enhance capacity to supply networked IT and Value Added Services (a lá BT’s “New Wave Business”) • Need to prepare for new business models, partnerships and acquisitions, to leverage value of their access & interconnection infrastructures, in the value chain for delivery of networked services to the end user From October 3, until December 31, 2005, calls to 30 popular international destinations with BT Communicator, such as the United States, Australia, Spain and France will cost just 0.5p a minute. A 60 minute call to a US landline, which would cost 72p with Skype, would cost only 30p with BT.

33. BT ‘s New Wave Revenues Q1 2005/6 - Group turnover Q1 2005/6 - New wave – strong organic growth Networked IT Services Order Value of Contracts Source: BT, July 28, 2005

35. Si ringrazia TV BLOB per aver reso disponibili gli apparati su internet per il collegamento con Torino Si ringrazia KEY4BIZ per la promozione fatta alla presente Giornata