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Ideology and Philosophy. Plato’s Cave. Allegory of the Cave Oppression Force Persuasion. What Is Ideology?. Traditional Political Philosophy Modern Scientific Theory of Politics Ideology. Ideology’s Essence. To Simplify To Demand To Justify. Questions .
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Plato’s Cave • Allegory of the Cave • Oppression • Force • Persuasion
What Is Ideology? • Traditional Political Philosophy • Modern Scientific Theory of Politics • Ideology
Ideology’s Essence • To Simplify • To Demand • To Justify
Questions • What is the ideology’s conception of human nature? • What is society? • What is government? • What is the relationship between politics and economics? • What is history?
Mass Movements • Attack on present status • Improving conditions • Gap between ideals and reality • Leadership role of a small cadre
Why Study Ideologies • Difficulties in understanding the relationship between ideas and action • Hermeneutics – The study of the meaning of human action • Understanding not prediction • Ideas have consequences
A Liberal Approach • The Competition for Arts and Minds • Reservations about objective truth • John Stuart Mill on toleration • Looking at the world through the eyes of another
Guidelines for Thinking • Do not try to arrive at ideas no one has ever thought before • Be open • Do not hurry • Make plenty of notes • Beware of substituting reading for thinking
Beginning Questions • Are we deeply and incurably evil or is evil a superficial and removable aspect of our character? • Is the individual extinguishable at death?