Identity

1. Identity Who are you? How do you know?

2. People use various things to identify themselves • EG • Color of hair • Gender • Race • Style of clothing • Teams they are on • Entertainment preferences (cowboy music or rap) • … • Is being Canadian a part of your identity – what is a Canadian

4. Stereotypes: Lumberjack, fur trader, igloo, eat blubber, ride dog sled • Don’t know Jimmy, Sally or Suzie (small population) • Explaining our differences: PM instead of President, bilingual (not American = British spelling/pronunciation - zed), peacekeepers vs policing, diversity vs assimilation • Pronouncing about • Proudly sew flag (world likes Canadians) • Beaver • Explaining Canadian terms: toque, chesterfield • Describing us: 2nd largest landmass, first nation of hockey, the best part of North America • “Thank you” (polite)

5. What is a Canadian?

6. Symbols of other nations

8. National Identity • Key Features of Canadian Identity • Geography • Northern location, next to US • 2nd largest country • Natural Resources • Wealthy, don’t depend on others • Society • urban, modern • Cultural make-up • Bilingual, multicultural • World Position • Middle power, peacekeeper

9. Watch for the following: • Railway: unified Canada coast to coast • Men drinking: could be reference to prohibition (US “Rum Runners”) • Soldiers heading off to war • note the British flag = World War One • Women’s hockey team • Soldier returning home – billboard in background to buy war bonds • Lowering of the old Canadian flag and raising the new flag in 1960s • Watching the hockey game on TV • Summit Series • Saturday nights • Paul Anka – popular singer • Miss Prairie, guys on Atlantic coast (our diversity) • Crazy fan at hockey game • Niagara Falls (tourism, geography) • Air Canada plane at foreign airport (Tehran hostages?) • Lumberjack log rolling • Commercial • Rugby, speaking in French • William Shatner – famous Canadian actor • Dancing (rave? Modern Canadian youth)

11. The Canadian National Anthem What images/symbols are there in our national anthem – how does it compare to other anthems like the French or American? “We Are the Beaver”

12. The US is the eagle, Russia is the bear,Australia is the kangaroo, cause they're kind of weird down there.Yeah, India is the tiger, that stands so proud and tall,But Canada is the greatest of them all.We are the beaver, we're furry and we're freeYeah, we are the beaver, we got two big front teethYeah, we are the beaver, we can chew right through small treesWe are the beaver.You might think a rodent is a pretty lame choiceFor a national animal, but don't you listen to that voice.No, cause all them birds and predators, just take from the landBut the beaver, always gives a dam.We are the beaver, we got cute little webbed feetYeah, we are the beaver, it's bark we like to eatYeah, we are the beaver, a nickel we complete..The eagle flies the sky above and swoops down on its preyThe big bear will maul anyone who dares gets in its wayThe tiger is the greatest of the hunters today.But the beaver it can build dams. Yeah,The beaver it can build dams.We are the beaver, we slap our tails when danger is nearby.We are the beaver, we got waterproof hides.Yeah, we are the beaver, we got big bums and beady eyes.We are the beaver, we are the beaver, we are the beaver.We are the beaver, our name is often used as a double-entendre We are the beaver, cause in Canada both French and English belongYeah, we are the beaver, and the subject of this song We are the beaver, we are the beaver, we are the beaver.

13. Institutions like the Bank of Canada and the Canadian Mint celebrate the symbols of Canada • Wilfred Laurier • West Block of Parliament • Winter sports and famous Canadian hockey story

14. Bank of Canada Symbolism • John A. Macdonald • Library of Parliament • Canada’s military history including peacekeeping and Vimy Memorial

15. Head of State – Queen • Center Block of Parliament • Pacific First Nations imagery

16. Mackenzie King • Parliamentary Clock Tower • Focus on human rights, including the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the Famous Five

17. Robert Borden • East Block Parliamentary Offices • Themes of Canadian exploration in the past (canoe) and today (satellite)

18. Myths Defining Canadian Identity Myths are common tales or beliefs that we hold true as Canadians – often they are stereotypes held by Canadian and other countries (they often have a piece of truth – think about the stories that are often told at family gatherings and how they change over time.

19. ‘Rugged Canadian’ • Frontier Spirit • Conquering the unknown

20. Myth that we are anti-war and providers of peace, always involved in UN peacekeeping • Lately, we have moved away from peacekeeping • - Afghanistan is a combat operation • Canadians are ‘Peacekeepers’ Canada played an important role early on through Lester Pearson

21. Canada as an ‘inclusive’ nation • We pride ourselves on welcoming all outsiders • Prejudice against Chinese immigrants • Japanese Internment • Refusal of Jewish refugees • Preference of immigrants from Northern European countries until the 1960’s

22. What creates our identity – a shared history?

23. War of 1812 • Rejection of American Manifest Destiny • Belief that the British-Canadians defeated the American invaders • Many Americans think they won as well • The importance of this battle is fading from collective consciousness

24. Confederation of Canada • Louis Lafontaine (Francophone) and Robert Baldwin (Anglophone) cooperate with each other to create better democracy in Canada • Union of Upper and Lower Canada – the first representative government in Canada Confederation (BNA Act) – 1867 - “The Dominion of Canada” - Prime Minister John A. Macdonald - Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Ontario, Quebec How many Canadians know these details??

25. What about geography? Part of our identity is being the second largest country in the world, with a harsh climate But how is our geography a force that divides our nation-state into different nations?

27. “In the psychological sense, there is no Canadian nation as there is an American or French nation. There is a legal and geographic entity, but the nation does not exist. For there are no objects that all Canadians share as objects of national feeling.” (Charles Hanley)

28. Canada as a Civic Nation

29. We know we are not American

30. Things Americans have noticed about us: A few interesting facts Canada has more donut shops per capita than the United States does. Canadians consume more Kraft Dinner (aka Kraft Macaroni & Cheese) per capita than any other nationality on earth. The CBC's evening news anchor is bald and doesn't wear a toupee. Contests run by anyone other than the government have "skill-testing questions" that winners must answer correctly before they can claim a prize. These are usually math problems, and are administered to get around the law that only the government can administer lotteries. The big mass-market beers are Molson and Labatt, and they're stronger than US beers. The major cigarette labels are milder than American ones. There are billboards advertising vacations in Cuba, and Cuban cigars are freely available. Nobody worries about losing a life's savings or a home because of illness. Teenagers can drink legally. The drinking age in Quebec, Manitoba, and Alberta is 18; it's 19 in the rest of the country. Potato chips come in flavo(u)rs such as salt and vinegar, ketchup, and "all dressed" Cars (especially on the Prairies) have electrical plugs sticking out from under the hoods. These are for block heaters, to prevent engines from freezing when it's -40. People give distances in times, not miles. People ask whether you'd like "a coffee" rather than "some coffee."

31. Canadian language arena - An ice rink with seats around it. Could be any enclosed area with seats for viewing surrounding it, but the implication is that it's primarily for hockey. arse, bum - One's hind quarters. "He kicked me in the bum." bag - versus "sack," especially in US midwest beater - An old beat-up car. Central Canada - Refers to southern Ontario, actually 1300 miles east of the centre of Canada. But in their minds... The West - Refers to any point from Manitoba (actual centre of Canada) west to the Pacific Ocean. chesterfield - A couch, or sofa, or whatever you call it where you are. corner store – convenience store, usually on a corner in a residential neighbourhood of a city. deke - To move quickly DUI - Driving under the influence; same as DWI, although limits in Canada are 0.08 vs. 0.1 in US eavestrough - A gutter, the sort that is attached to houses and funnels rain water down a pipe. elastic - rubber band go missing - to disappear, become misplaced Grade Oner, Twoers, Threers… - First, Second, Third…Grader holiday - A vacation or a trip. Also used in the American sense, meaning a day off work or school. housecoat - robe, bathrobe

32. keener - Someone very eager and enthusiastic. Sometimes in the sense of brown-noser, suckup klick - Kilometer, or kilometer per hour. lineup - line. pencil crayons – colored pencils Robertson screws - Screws with a square hole rather than a straight or X-shaped one. Robertson screws are just about impossible to strip, unlike Phillips-head. They'd be popular in the States except that Henry Ford wanted exclusive rights to them, and Robertson refused to sell. runners - sneakers, running shoes second-last - Next to last ski-doo - Generic term for snowmobile. snowbird - Canadian who flees to southern United States (usually Florida) for some/all winter. tea towel - dish towel toque - Rhymes with "kook." A kind of hat, everywhere in wintertime. track pants - sweat pants washroom - bathroom

33. Food back bacon - Canadian bacon. Sometimes rolled in peameal (like cornmeal, but from peas). butter tart - A very small (single-serving) pie. They taste like pecan pies without the pecans. chocolate bar - Candy bar. Popular Canadian brands include Aero, Crispy Crunch, Crunchie, Coffee Crisp, Caramilk, Bounty. Mars Bars have darker chocolate and no nuts. Other Canadian candies include Smarties (imagine very sweet M&Ms in brightly colored boxes, not the sweet-tart chalky things), Mackintosh toffee. homo milk - Homogenized milk. Known in the States as whole milk. Nobody here thinks twice about what images milk cartons with the word "HOMO" in big letters on the side conjure up in the minds of Americans Nanaimo bar - A confection, named for the town of Nanaimo on Vancouver Island in British Columbia, that resembles a brownie but is topped with a layer of white butter cream icing and another of solid chocolate. pop - soda. poutine (pron. poo-TEEN) Quebecois specialty. French fries covered in cheese curds and gravy. Rockets – Smarties; small, chalky candies packaged in rolls wrapped in clear plastic. Smarties - a candy resembling M&Ms. They do melt in your hand, and they're a lot sweeter. Shreddies - A brand of breakfast cereal, vaguely resembling Chex. Timbits - Do(ugh)nut holes from Tim Horton's.

34. A broadcast created during the 2010 Olympics

35. Organizations that Promote Canadian Nationalism

36. Hudson’s Bay Company • British Royal Charter - 1670 • Oldest Corporation in North America • Fur traders, Rupertsland • Sold land to create the NWT

37. Canadian Programming (unique from American stations) Formed by the Canadian government to protect and expand Canadian cultural identity CBC: Canadian Broadcasting Corporation • Hockey Night in Canada • Miniseries (The Arrow, Top 10 Canadians)) • Road to Avonlea, Corner Gas, Little Mosque on the Prairie • SCTV, Kids in the Hall

38. Museums National History Museum National Art Gallery Museum of Civilizations Glenbow Museum Military Museums

39. Air Canada • Need for easy communication and transit across a giant nation-state • Formed to foster development of air travel in Canada (modernization) • Formerly a Crown corporation - now publically owned • Notice the symbolism on the plane and the logo……

40. RCMP – Royal Canadian Mounted Police • Founded to bring order to the west (NWMP) • Scarlet Uniforms and Stetsons are recognized the world over as Canadian • Musical Ride

41. Assignment: Creating a Coat of Arms CBC News in Review – 2010 New Governor General Coat of Arms