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Chapter 1

Chapter 1. Exploring Pennsylvania. Vocabulary. Hemisphere – half of the Earth Continent – largest land areas on Earth Landform – a natural feature on Earth’s surface Natural Resource – a material found in nature that people can use

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Chapter 1

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  1. Chapter 1 Exploring Pennsylvania

  2. Vocabulary • Hemisphere – half of the Earth • Continent – largest land areas on Earth • Landform – a natural feature on Earth’s surface • Natural Resource – a material found in nature that people can use • Tributary - small river or stream that flows into a larger river • Pollution – anything that makes the environment dirty

  3. Vocabulary • Climate – the pattern of weather in a place over a long period of time • Elevation – the height of land • Habitat – a place where plants and animals live

  4. Pennsylvania’s Location • On the continent of North America • In the country of United States • In the northeastern part of the United States • In the northern and western hemispheres Pennsylvania is located:

  5. Pennsylvania’s Neighbors • States that border Pennsylvania: • New York to the NORTH • New Jersey to the EAST • Delaware to the SOUTHEAST • Maryland to the SOUTH • West Virginia to the SOUTHWEST • Ohio to the WEST

  6. Find Pennsylvania’s Bordering States

  7. Pennsylvania’s Nickname • Pennsylvania is called the “Keystone State” • It is called this because when the original 13 colonies resembled an arch, Pennsylvania was located in the middle, like a keystone

  8. Mountains, Lakes, and Rivers Rivers and Lakes: • The Delaware River forms on Pennsylvania’s easternborder and is a major shipping route • The Susquehanna River flows through the central part of the state • The Monongahela and Allegheny Rivers are tributaries of the Ohio River • Lake Erie, a Great Lake, borders the northwest corner of Pennsylvania Mountains: • All of Pennsylvania’s mountains are part of the Appalachian Mountain range • The Allegheny Mountains stretch across the middle of the state

  9. Taking Care of Pennsylvania • Natural Resources are materials found in nature that people can use • Examples are: soil, water, trees, and minerals • Two minerals found in Pennsylvania are sandstone and limestone • Sandstone is used to make glass • Limestone is used to make cement • Fossil Fuels are fuels that are found in nature that were made from plants and animals that lived millions of years ago • Examples are: coal, oil, natural gas

  10. Natural Resources • A renewable resource CAN be replaced • Examples: plants, water, crops • A nonrenewable resource CANNOT be replaced • Examples: fossil fuels, sandstone, limestone, oil, natural gas

  11. Climate, Plants, and Animals • There are a variety of plants and animals living in Pennsylvania • Ex of trees. Oak, elm, hemlock • Ex of animals: Trout, foxes, geese • Pennsylvania has a temperate climate • This means the temperature does not reach extreme highs or lows • Pennsylvania’s climate is affected by location and elevation

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