Environmental Management of Vehicles

2. Environmental Management of Vehicles Responsible Business

3. Little test … Link the keywords to the images !

4. Keywords • Image • Eco-friendly • Class • Safety • Practical • Cheap • Budget-minded • Reliability • Quality • Luxury • Comfort • Speed • Design • Power • Prestige

5. Porsche 911

6. Volvo xc90

7. Volkswagen Sharan

8. Toyota Prius

9. Range Rover Sport

10. Dacia Duster

11. Audi a5

12. Elementswhichinfluenceperception… • Social background • Brand image • Opinion • Status • Design • …  Anticipation + research = Succes !

13. Green Label • Green label = Eco-label • Green sticker  Government • Flower logo (easy identification) • EU Eco-label  Best products • Eco-label • Trustworthy • Ensuresquality • Environmental-friendlypolicy • Rapidlygrowing brand (benefits) • Awardedafterverification of standards

14. EU Eco-label • Voluntary product label • Established in 1992 • Encouragement of green management • Labels • Awardedaccording to environmetal criteria • Criteria • Wholelifecycle Life cycle

16. Problem … • Trust is an issue • ‘Rubber stamp’ labels • Greenwashing

17. History • Green stickers onconsumergoods 1970’s • Focus onfuelconsumption • North-American automobile industry • Minimum emissonstandard  Fuel efficiency labels • Eco-labels: 1992 • Encourageenvironmental-friendlyproducts & services • ISO 14000 • ‘International OrganizationforStandardization’ • Standardsrelated to environmental management

18. Environmental facts of vehicles Life cycle thinking perspective The over-exploitation of the raw materials due to the high demand of cars would lead to the depletion of non-renewable natural resources..

19. Air Pollution

20. Air Pollution

21. Air Pollution • 1. Local effects -e.g. poisoning humans breathing bad air. • 2. Regional effects - fallout from airborne pathogens - infections, particles, chemicals. • 3. Global effects - changing interactions between the atmosphere, oceans and the sun, weather effects, effects on plants and the ocean biosphere.

22. Water Pollution • Runoff of oil, dirt, brake dust, deposited vehicle exhaust, road particles, automotive fluids, and de-icing chemicals from roadways and parking lots. • Improperly or illegally disposed waste fluids, e.g. used motor oil. Results • Oil floats on top of water, • less sunlight penetrates into the water, limiting the photosynthesis of marine plants and phytoplankton. • Decreasing the fauna populations, • Affects the food chain in the ecosystem.

23. Other Types of Pollution Noise Pollution • Primary source of noise pollution in urban environments Effects on Wildlife • The primary way people kill wildlife is by automobiles. • It is estimated motor vehicles kill over a million animals in collisions every day in the US.

24. Green Alternatives On the Market

25. Green Car • Uses less petrol • Produces cleaner and fewer emissions • Run on electricity or bio fuels

26. Different car types • Diesel green cars • Ethanol cars • Natural gas • Electric cars • Hybrid cars

27. Diesel Cars • Diesel produces less greenhouse gases • Produces black smoke (particulate matter) • Better fuel mileage

28. Diesel Green Cars • Biodiesel is blend of diesel and vegetable oil • Every existing diesel engine is capable of using biodiesel • You can modify your diesel engines to run a fuel called straight vegetable oil SVO

29. Diesel Pros and Cons • Lower emission • Versatility: ability to switch between biodiesel and regular diesel • Car selection • Better mileage • Particulate matter and smog • Price • Cold weather + -

30. Ethanol Cars • Wheat-based fuel additive • E85 most popular (85 % ethanol 15 % gasoline) • Bioadapter can be inserted into a new car • Reduce of emissions • Fuel versatility: Either E85 or regular • Price • Car selection • Limited refueling stations + -

31. Natural and Bio Gas car • Cleaner-burning fossil fuel • Cleaner burning • Cars last longer • Price • Limited refueling stations • Car selection • Reduces range: CNG takes twice the space than gasoline + -

32. Electric Cars • Created mid-19th century • Use electrical energy stored in batteries

33. Electric Car Pros and Cons • significant reduction of air pollution • Noiseless • reduced greenhouse gas emissions • Not depended on foreign oil • Noiseless • Difficulties in storage batteries • Price of the vehicle • lack of public and private recharging infrastructure + -

34. Hybrid Cars • Full hybrids • Mild hybrid • Cannot use electric motor alone • Runs both electric and gasoline • Captures energy when braking • Auto stop start • Switches engine off at traffic lights

35. Hybrid Pros and Cons • Great mileage • Quiet • Smooth ride • Runs also on gasoline • Batteries • Quiet • Price + -

36. Product Life Cycle in Green Marketing

37. EU Directive on end-of-lifevehiclessays • Objective • First of all preventionofwastefromvehicles • Thenreuse, recyclingof end-of-lifevehiclesandcomponents • Prevention • Conceptionofvehicleswith limited hazardoussubstances • Design takesdismantling, reuseandrecyclingintoaccount • Usageofmorerecycledmaterials85% rate ofreuseandrecoveryby 2006 95% rate ofreuseandrecoveryby 2015 Product Life Cycle in Green Marketing

38. Productlifecycle in automotiveindustry Product Life Cycle in Green Marketing Raw material Operation Manufacturing Reductionofgreenhouse gas emissions (GHG) duringwholeautomotivelifecycle

39. Jaguar Land Rover casestudy • Strategic environmental goals • 25% reduction in EU fleet CO2by 2015 • 25% reduction in operational CO2emissionsby 2012 • 25% reduction in wastetolandfillby 2012 • 10% reduction in wateruseby 2012 • Cars aredesignedtobe 85% recycleableand 95% recoverable • Establishedtakebackpoints in UK foroldcars (cartakeback.com) • Jaguar XJ • Body approximately 40% recycledaluminium • 30 kg ofotherrecycledmaterials • Boot lidtrim, rearseattrimboardmadefromrecycledpolypropylene Product Life Cycle in Green Marketing

40. Jaguar Land Rover casestudy • Somefactsaboutmanufacturing & distribution • Since 2001 energyusage down by 57% • Since 2001 waterusage down by 71% • Since 2001 waste down by 65% • Switched toraildistributionofnewcarsWithin 10 years60 milliontruckmilessafed Product Life Cycle in Green Marketing

41. Jaguar Land Rover casestudy • Engagingcustomers on sustainability • Dealerships must displaysustainabledevelopmentpolicy • Sustainabilityinformation in welcomepacksforcustomers • Offering CO2offsetprogrammesInvesting in projectstooffset CO2 in otherpartsoftheworldEnablescustomerstocompensateemissionsfromusing a JaguarBiomassenergyprojectin BrazilGeothermal energyproject in KenyaProviding efficientcookingstoves in Uganda • Free takebackserviceforoldcars in the European Union (250 takebackpoints in UK) Product Life Cycle in Green Marketing

47. Recycling

48. Automobile recycling • Car is taken to scrapyard • Sellable parts are taken off the car • Recyclable parts are taken off • The car srap is crashed and sent to the shredder • The metallic components are separated by weight to heavier and lighter metals • Separated metals are melted to ingots and sold

49. In new cars • Already recycled plastic parts • Manufacturers try not to use heavy metal parts • Trunk floor, door panels etc. made from recycled leather

50. Secondlife of a car …