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The Tragedy of Appeasement

The War Unfolds. The Tragedy of Appeasement. Focus Question. In a short response of one to three sentences, describe the tests you took over the last two days. Totalitarian states. Soviet Union (Stalin) Dominated by the Communists Italy (Mussolini) Dominated by the Fascists

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The Tragedy of Appeasement

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  1. The War Unfolds The Tragedy of Appeasement

  2. Focus Question • In a short response of one to three sentences, describe the tests you took over the last two days

  3. Totalitarian states • Soviet Union (Stalin) • Dominated by the Communists • Italy (Mussolini) • Dominated by the Fascists • Germany (Hitler) • Dominated by the Nazi Party • Japan (Military Leaders)

  4. Rise of Nazi Germany • Nazism built on a strong sense of German destiny • All Germans should live in one country • EinVolk, Ein Reich, Ein Fuhrer • One People, One Country, One Leader • Germans (Aryans) a “Master Race”, destined to rule • To thrive, Germans needed living space (Lebensraum)

  5. Nazi rise to power • Attempted abortive putsch in 1923 • Armed revolt did not work • Ideas outlined in Mein Kampf (My Struggle) • Use democratic means to suborn democracy • Played on desperation of the German people • “Stabbed in the back by traitors” • Promised economic stability • Promised greatness

  6. Gained popularity • Use of simple arguments and nationalist imagery • Continued to gain seats in the Reichstag • By 1932, the Nazis were the largest party in the Reichstag • Nazis demanded Hitler be appointed Chancellor (Head of Government)

  7. Seized control • Reichstag fire, February 1933 • Used as an excuse to take power • Banned left-wing political parties • Passed the Enabling Act, giving the cabinet legislative power • Rival political parties eliminated • German Army bought into the regime • Night of the Long Knives (June 1930) • Potential disloyal Nazis purged

  8. Expansion • Slowly overturned Versailles • Reoccupied the Rhineland (1936) • Rebuilt German army • Kristallnacht and the Nuremberg Laws • Slow Process of eliminating German Jews • Stripped Jews of civil rights and privileges • Forced Jews into ghettos • Expansion • Anschluss(unification) of Austria (1938) • Turned sights on the Sudetenland

  9. Appeasement • Largely German district in Czechoslovakia • Germany demanded the region • Czechoslovakia refused • Conference held in Munich in 1938 • Britain and France agreed to the transfer • “Peace in our time”

  10. Promise Broken • March 1939: Germany annexed the rest of the country • August 1939: Nonaggression Pact with USSR • Secret agreement to divide Poland • Shocked the world • September 1, 1939: Germany invasion of Poland

  11. U.S. Reaction • As war threatened, many became concerned • Fear of U.S. involvement • Senate hearings on World War I • War blamed on arms manufacturers • Took steps to prevent the U.S. involvement

  12. Neutrality Acts • Designed to keep U.S. from war • 1935: No arms sales to belligerent nations • 1936: No loans or credit to belligerent nations • 1937: U.S. could not ship goods to belligerents • Tied the hands of the U.S.

  13. FDR’s efforts • FDR and his cabinet recognized the threat • Prepare the U.S. for involvement • Quarantine Speech 1937 • Cash-and-Carry 1939 • Lend-Lease 1940 • German invasion of Poland, September 1, 1939 • World War II begins • Atlantic Charter August 1941

  14. Pearl Harbor • Japanese attack brings U.S. into the war • U.S. sets strategy in motion • Initial outrage against Japan • Determined to defeat Germany first

  15. Summary • If you had to describe today’s lesson to an absent classmate, explain what you feel would be the most important thing to understand.

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