English Verb Tenses

1. English Verb Tenses April 9

2. Types of Verb Tenses to Be Covered • Present • Past • Future • Present Perfect • Past Perfect • Future Perfect

3. Present • Taking place in the present • She reads a story to me. • Repeated Actions • We play tennis every Tuesday. • Facts • Windows are made of glass. • Set by schedule • The train leaves at 6pm • Things happening in a sequence • First you wet you hands, then you put soap on them, rinse and dry.

4. Active versus Passive • Active • [Thing doing action] + [verb] + [thing receiving action] • Once a week Tom cleans the car. • The professor teaches the students. • Passive • [Thing receiving action] + [be] + [past participle of verb] + [by] + [thing doing action] • Once a week, the car is cleaned by Tom. • The students are taught by the professor.

5. In the Ghetto – Elvis Presley • Listen and fill in the blanks with the present form of the verbs you hear

6. Past • Structure • Verb+ed OR irregular verb (link on wiki) • Completed Action in the Past • I saw a movie yesterday. • Series of Completed Actions • I finished work, walked to the beach, and found a nice play to swim.

7. Past • Duration in the Past • I lived in Brazil for two years. • Habits in the Past • I studied French when I was a child. • Past facts or Generalizations • She was shy as a child, but now she is outgoing.

8. Active versus Passive • Active • Tom repaired the car. • I washed the dishes after breakfast. • Passive • The car was repaired by Tom. • The dishes were washed by me after breakfast.

9. In the Ghetto • Change the verbs to the past tense

10. Future • Structure • [will + verb] OR [am/is/are + going to + verb] • You will help him later. • You are going to meet Jane tonight. • WILL – Voluntary action • I will send you the information when I get it. • WILL – Express a Promise • I will call you when I arrive.

11. Future • “Be going to” – Express Plan • He is going to spend his vacation in Hawaii. • WILL or “Be going to” – Prediction • The year 2222 will be an interesting year. • The year 2222 is going to be an interesting year.

12. Active versus Passive • John will finish the work by 5:00. • The work will be finished by John by 5:00. • Sally is going to make a beautiful dinner tonight. • A beautiful dinner is going to be made by Sally tonight. • Which is which? – How do you know?

13. Simple Future Practice 1. Ted: It is so hot in here! Sarah: I (turn) ___________________ the air-conditioning on. 2. I think he (be) ___________________ the next President of the United States. 3. After I graduate, I (attend) ___________________ medical school and become a doctor. I have wanted to be a doctor all my life.

14. 4. A: Excuse me, I need to talk to someone about our hotel room. I am afraid it is simply too small for four people. B: That man at the service counter (help) ___________________ you. 5. As soon as the weather clears up, we (walk) ___________________ down to the beach and go swimming.

15. Present Perfect • Structure • [has/have + past participle] • Experience • I have taught in Mexico. • Change over Time • The government has become

16. Present Perfect • Accomplishments • Our son has learned how to read. • An Uncompleted Action you are Expecting • You haven’t mastered English, but you can communicate. • Multiple Actions at Different Times • I have had four quizzes and five tests so far this year. • From the Past Until Now • She has been in England for 6 months.

17. Practice • She (not / see) him for a long time. • (be / you) at school? • School (not / start) yet • (speak / he) to his boss? • No, he (have / not) the time yet.

18. Simple Past versus Present Perfect 1. A: Did you like the movie "Star Wars?" B: I don't know. I (see, never) ___________________ that movie. 2. Sam (arrive) ___________________ in San Diego a week ago. 3. My best friend and I (know) ___________________ each other for over fifteen years. We still get together once a week.

19. 4. Stinson is a fantastic writer. He (write) ___________________ ten very creative short stories in the last year. One day, he'll be as famous as Hemingway. • 5. I (have, not) ___________________ this much fun since I (be) ___________________ a kid. • 6. Things (change) ___________________ a great deal at Coltech, Inc. When we first (start) ___________________ working here three years ago, the company (have, only) ___________________ six employees. Since then, we (expand) ___________________ to include more than 2000 full-time workers.

20. Past Perfect • Structure • [had + past participle] • Completed action before another action in the past • I had never seen such a beautiful beach before I went to Hawaii. • Started in the past and continued until another action in the past • We had had that car for ten years until it broke down.

21. Past versus Past Perfect I can't believe I (get)_____ that apartment. I (submit)_____ my application last week, but I didn't think I had a chance of actually getting it. When I (show)_____ up to take a look around, there were at least twenty other people who (arrive)_____ before me. Most of them (fill, already)_____ out their applications and were already leaving. The landlord said I could still apply, so I did.

22. Future Perfect • Structure • will have + past participle • You will have perfected your English by the time you come back from the USA. • am/is/are + going to have + past participle • You are going to have perfected your English before you come back from the USA. • Both structures mean almost exactly the same thing

23. Future Perfect • Completed action before another action in the future • By next November, I will have received my promotion. • Continued action before another action in the future • I will have been in London six months by the time I leave.

24. Future Perfect Practice • Anne ____ (repair) her bike next week. • We ____ (do) the washing by 8:00. • She ____ (visit) Paris by the end of next year. • I ____ (finish) this by 6:00. • Sam ____ (leave) by next week. • She ____ (discuss) this with her mother after tonight.