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Electrons

Electrons. Ch.17 Sec.1. Niels Bohr. ( 1885-1962) Worked w/ Rutherford Agreed that atom had nucleus surrounded by large volume of space. 4.3 Modern Atomic Theory. Bohr’s Model : describes the arrangement of electrons in an atom

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Electrons

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  1. Electrons Ch.17 Sec.1

  2. Niels Bohr • (1885-1962) • Worked w/ Rutherford • Agreed that atom had nucleus surrounded by large volume of space

  3. 4.3 Modern Atomic Theory • Bohr’s Model: describes the arrangement of electrons in an atom • The electrons move in spherical orbits at fixed distances from the nucleus • Electrons are arranged in Energy Levels and only a certain number of electrons may occupy each energy level

  4. How to Draw Atoms • Bohr Model - electrons move around the nucleus in orbits or energy levels • Like planets around sun

  5. Energy Levels • Different levels have different energies • Can lose or gain energy and change levels • Levels closest to nucleus are lowest energy (less likely to be used in bonding)

  6. Energy Levels • Electrons can move from one energy level to another when an atom loses or gains energy • All atoms have 2 electrons in their 1st energy level (level closest to the nucleus) • 2nd level = 8 • The levels closest to the nucleus has the strongest attraction or bonds • The last energy level of any atom has a maximum of 8 electrons

  7. How To Draw Atoms • Many energy levels: • 1st -max of 2 e- • 2nd -max of 8 e- • 3rd - max of 18 e- • Must fill up in order

  8. Valence Electrons • Electrons in outermost shell are called valence electrons • Ex: Carbon has 4 valence electrons, but 6 total electrons

  9. Bohr Model of Atoms & Energy Levels

  10. Modern Atomic Model • Today use electron cloud model • Electron cloud shows most probable location of e- • Cloud is thicker where e- more likely to be • Like ceiling fan or propeller on plane

  11. Electron Cloud Model

  12. Electron Cloud Model

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