Setting the right framework to mobilise the potential of bio-waste

1. Setting the right framework to mobilise the potential of bio-waste • German case • Claas Oehlmann • Resourcepolicyofficer • BiomassPolicies| Brussels| 14.05.2014

2. The BDE • Federation of German Waste, Water and Raw Materials Management Industry • approximately 750 member enterprises • largest association in the German recycling and waste management industry • largest European association of its sector Claas Oehlmann

3. Agenda • 1. Introduction: bio-waste in Europe • 2. European legislation • 3. German case: resource potential of bio-waste • 4. Conclusion: setting the right framework in the EU • - Product status for compost and digestate • - Managing bio-waste as a resource Claas Oehlmann

4. 1. Introduction: bio-waste in Europe Average compositionofhouseholdwaste in EU 27 in 2007 31 % organicwaste Source: Eurostat, Zerowaste, 2007 Claas Oehlmann

5. 1. Introduction: bio-waste in Europe • 118 to 138 mtof bio-waste generated every year • about 88 mt are municipal waste • expected to increase about 10% • Still40% landfilling of bio-waste in the EU • waste treatment for source separated bio-waste only in some countries • Potential financial benefits of 1,5 up to 7 billion Euro by 2020 • depending on the ambition of the set objectives (Source: Commission‘s Communication COM(2010)235 “on future steps in bio-waste management in the European Union”, 2010) Claas Oehlmann

6. 1. Introduction: bio-waste in Europe Baseline scenario – projectedevolutionof bio-wastetreatment 2008-2020 (EU-27) Source: Commissionstaffworkingdocumentaccompanyingthe Communication on futuresteps in bio-wastemanagement in theEU, 2010 Claas Oehlmann

7. 2. European legislation • Waste hierarchy • Art. 4 Waste Framework Directive • prevention; • (b) preparing for re-use; • (c) recycling; • (d) other recovery, e.g. energy recovery; and • (e) disposal. Claas Oehlmann

8. 2. European legislation • European framework for bio-waste • Art. 3 Waste Framework DirectiveBiodegradable garden and park waste, food and kitchen waste from households, restaurants, caterers and retail premises and comparable waste from food processing plants • Art. 22 Waste Framework DirectiveMember States shalltake measures (...) to encourage: •  the separate collection of bio-waste (...) •  the treatment of bio-waste (...) • the use of environmentally safe materials produced from bio-waste. Claas Oehlmann

9. German case Evolution ofthefood/kitchenwasteandgardenwastequantity in Germany from 1990 to 2012 Million T. / Year Source: WastebalanceoftheLänder/ Stat. Bundesamt, Witzenhausen-Institut 2014 Claas Oehlmann

10. 3. German case Landfill ban for untreated municipal waste since 2005 9.1 mt separate collected bio-waste in 2012 • 4.4 mt bio-waste collected in bins • 4.7 mt separate green waste collection 111 kg per person and year of bio-waste Biggest separate collected material flow from households Still about 4 to 5 mt of bio-waste in mixed municipal waste for households- thus bio-waste also the biggest unseparated fraction Art. 11 (1) German Recycling and Waste Act (KrWG) : ... biological waste (…)shall be collected separately by 1 January 2015. Source: Kern, Siepenkothen, Bioabfallerfassung 2.0 – NeueChancen und HerausforderungenWitzenhausen-Institut, 2014 Claas Oehlmann

11. 3. German case Public-sector waste management municipalities providing a bio-waste bin in Germany in 2010 Municipalitieswithoutbio-waste bin or ≤ 5kg /res*a Source: Witzenhausen-Institut, 2010 Claas Oehlmann

12. 3. German case Average composition of municipal waste in Germany, 2014 Source: Witzenhausen-Institut, 2014 Claas Oehlmann

13. 3. German case Average composition of bio-waste in municipal waste in Germany, 2014 Source: Witzenhausen-Institut, 2014 Claas Oehlmann

14. 3. German case • "100 %" separate collection rate • all fractions of the bio-waste stream • only acceptable exception: home-composting • resource bio-waste: three steps to make use of it 1. Establishing user-friendly separate collection systems 2. Implementing of separate collection systems by municipalities 3. Funding of German Government through German Renewable Energy Act (EEG) for combined composting and digestion plants Claas Oehlmann

15. 4. Conclusion: Setting therightframework in theEU • Productstatusforcompostanddigestate • Approach 1: End-of waste criteria (EoW criteria) • possibility of defining EoW criteria (Art. 6 WFD) • technical proposals for EoW criteria for each stream • January 2014: publication of criteria for compost and digestate (JRC IPTS‘s report ) • February 2014: COM stopped the EOW-approach for an unknown period of time Claas Oehlmann

16. 4. Conclusion: Setting therightframework in the EU • Productstatusforcompostanddigestate • Approach 2: Product criteria within the fertiliser regulation • • DG ENTR aims at • harmonising the EU market for fertilisers • including organic fertilisers, soil improvers and growing media • combining product requirements with a limited negative list of substances thatmay not beusedtoproducefertiliserwith a productstatus Claas Oehlmann

17. 4. Conclusion: Setting therightframework in theEU • Managing bio-wasteas a resourceatEuropean level: • pre-treatment obligation in the EU • to ban the landfilling for untreated municipal waste • complete separate bio-waste collection • from private households and businesses  • to direct the stream towards a high-quality treatment • criteria for the product status of compost and digestate • to ensure high quality standards • EU-funding aligned to the five-step waste hierarchy Claas Oehlmann

18. Thankyouforyourattention ! oehlmann@bde-bruessel.eu Claas Oehlmann