United States Imperialism

1. United States Imperialism Wednesday April 27th

2. Warm-up • How was your spring break? What was the best thing you did during spring break? • You must sit in your assigned group. You may sit in any seat within that group! • Group 1: Kelly, Jared, Corey, Darrel • Group 2: Anie, Norberto, Bobby, Deonte • Group 3: Jon, Nicollette, Monica, Tahir • Group 4: Deontay, Jasey, Martin, Shakel • Group 5: Taliyah, Deon, James, Aaron • Group 6: Eliana, Dequan, Davon, Ricardo

3. Warm-up • How was your spring break? What was the best thing you did during spring break? • You must sit in your assigned group. You may sit in any seat within that group! • Group 1: Katia, , Kennth, Jessica • Group 2: Antwan, David, Kalice, • Group 3: Denise, Nyshea, Simon, • Group 4: Raekwon, Tyshay, Antwaryn, Jade • Group 5: Kristen, Jasmine, Ivan, Jose

4. Thought Question • Have you ever tried to dominate or control someone younger, smaller, or weaker? How did you assert your power? (i.e. a younger brother/sister, cousin, friend)

5. Announcements: • We are starting unit 5 today!!!

6. Unit 4 • War and Conflict • What does this mean? • What do you think we will be discussing?

7. Introduction to Imperialism • Imperialism: when one country takes over land and resources in another country; this results in the larger country basically ruling over the imperialized nation. • This results in colonies- a country or region ruled by another country (either economically or politically)

8. Imperialism Causes • Use the folders at your table to fill in the causes of imperialism.

9. Why does imperialism occur? There are several reasons: 1.) Countries want resources- once they take over another country, they are entitled to the “stuff” there, especially natural resources that can make them a lot of money. 2.) Countries want power- having colonies gives a country power. 3.) Countries want markets- they want new places to sell their goods, due to overproduction.

10. Living Under Imperialism: • When a country was taken over, the people living there were forced to change their lifestyles and respect a new government. • Sometimes, this wasn’t a big change; but in other cases, the new ruling countries were very cruel and mistreated the natives (this was especially seen in Africa). • Under imperialism, people were obligated to change their old lives and become citizens of whichever country took them over; essentially they were bossed around.

11. Economic Imperialism • This would mean that a bigger, more powerful country, would go in and take over ways that the smaller country would make money. • For example, in the Congo in Africa, Belgium took over their rubber production. Rubber was needed throughout the world to make parts for machines. The Belgians took the Congo’s rubber and then sold it, making money off of it. The Congolese never saw that money, while the Belgians got rich.

12. Cases of Imperialism • The United States carried out imperialism in several places, but focused mainly on South America (also known as Latin America). • They also practiced imperialism in places like Hawaii and Guam. • When practicing imperialism, the United States would go into another country, and take it over in order to obtain resources, international power, or to have a new market to sell their goods.

13. The Panama Canal as an Example of Imperialism • The United States opened the Panama Canal in South America under Theodore Roosevelt. • His believe in the Monroe Doctrine- that Americans had the right to protect smaller countries, justified his imperialism. • Roosevelt thought the canal was the best way to show America’s power in South America.

14. The Roosevelt Corollary • Teddy Roosevelt proclaimed that the United States, because it was a "civilized nation," had the right to stop "chronic wrongdoing" throughout the Western Hemisphere. • Basically, Roosevelt’s belief was that the United States, as a “civilized” nation, might have to step in and act as the “police” in the Western hemisphere (our part of the world) if certain countries aren’t doing what they’re supposed to do. • Roosevelt believed in using the military to do this.

15. Taft’s Dollar Diplomacy • Diplomacy, in general, refers to the “relations” between countries. • Dollar diplomacy emphasized using U.S. economic power (money and trade) and business investments to influence South American governments. • Taft believed that he could influence events, encourage stability, and keep European nations out of the region by expanding American businesses there instead of using the military.

16. Moral Diplomacy • "I am going to teach the South American republics to elect good men” • -President Woodrow Wilson • What does this mean?

17. Moral Diplomacy • Moral diplomacy was the policy of President Wilson (elected 1913) • Wilson believed that when countries seemed like they were unstable, that it was the job of the United States to “step in” and protect the “fair” government leaders. • This helped the United States, since we then had allies AND a government that we could trust more than a dictator.

19. Early Imperialism in Hawaii • In 1898, William McKinley became interested in Hawaii, which was an independent country ruled by Queen Liluokalani. • Hawaii was self-sufficient and relatively successful as an independent nation. • McKinley was concerned that Queen Liluokalani wanted to restore the traditional Hawaiian monarchy, so he annexed it and claimed it as a US territory, and later state, by 1898. • Hawaiians were not pleased with this.

20. Reaction to Imperialism • After reports of imperialism came out, some Americans were outraged, and spoke out against it. • They formed a group called the “Anti-Imperialist” league, which fought imperialism from continuing. • They exposed US expansionist policies, and didn’t believe the US should be practicing imperialism.

21. Imperialism Game

24. Spain Empire falling apart by end of 1800s Most colonies had gained their independence The Philippines were fighting for theirs Cuba too!

25. The rebels fighting in Cuba Spain did not have enough money/men to fight Cuba So they moved people into cities to easily watch them They killed thousands of people who they suspected had something to do with the rebel forces 1897 – besides a few cities, the rebels had won

26. USS Maine On February 15, 1898, an explosion sank the American battleship in Havana harbor with a loss of 266 men Who did it? We still don’t know. However, it did upset many people and pushed people towards war

27. Pushing for War Many Americans thought we should get involved for humanitarian reasons – human rights, spread of democracy, etc. Others wanted war for a more stable Cuba and a big trading location Spain would not take offers of money or a peace treaty

28. Yellow Journalism • The Spanish-American War is often referred to as the first "media war." • During the 1890s, journalism that sensationalized—and sometimes even manufactured—dramatic events was a powerful force that helped propel the United States into war with Spain. • Led by newspaper owners William Randolph Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer, journalism of the 1890s used melodrama, romance, and hyperbole to sell millions of newspapers--a style that became known as yellow journalism.

29. The Start of It All When President McKinley came into office in 1897, people were upset about Cuba McKinley gave the OK for war, and by April, both the US and Spain had declared war Teller Amendment: which promised to make Cuba independent after the war was over

30. Once declared… US fought the war many places including Cuba itself Immediately attacked Manila harbor in the Philippines The US won Manila harbor US also invaded Guam and Puerto Rico, other Spanish island colonies, during the war

31. Cuba Thanks to the Rough Riders and other units, the US defeated the Spanish without much trouble December 10, 1898 – the Treaty of Paris was signed, ending the war

32. Results The US freed Cuba Puerto Rico, Guam and the Philippines became colonies for the US Platt Amendment: which gave the US a military base on the island (Guantanamo) Immediately after being annexed by the US, Filipinos declared themselves independent and started a guerilla war against the US The rebellion lasted until March of 1901, when the US captured the main leader

33. Paper Debate • With a partner, take out a sheet of paper and fold it down the center • Have a “Silent” conversation about the following questions: • Should we have gone to war? Was what we got out of it worth it? • Each person should write at least 3 times • Make sure it is clear who is writing what • I will call on volunteers to share their debate

34. Video! As you watch write down 10 facts that interest you.

35. Video

36. Political Cartoons • Analyze the political cartoons on the cartoon sheet.

37. Exit Slip • What is Imperialism? • What caused imperialism to occur in the early 20th century? • Please name and describe a hypothetical or real-world example of Imperialism. Explain why it is imperialism based on the definition we discussed in class today. Make sure to address the different aspects of imperialism. Answer the above prompt in 5-7 sentences. • Why did some people oppose imperialism?