1 / 35

Functional neuroanatomy

bradd@nmr.mgh.harvard.edu. Functional neuroanatomy. Overview of brain anatomy & systems Localization/networks Scale in the nervous system Sensorimotor systems How our brains interact with the external world (loops) States ‘of mind’ (and body) Specific functional systems Memory & emotion

avery
Download Presentation

Functional neuroanatomy

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. bradd@nmr.mgh.harvard.edu Functional neuroanatomy • Overview of brain anatomy & systems • Localization/networks • Scale in the nervous system • Sensorimotor systems • How our brains interact with the external world (loops) • States ‘of mind’ (and body) • Specific functional systems • Memory & emotion • How our brains use previous experience to modify behavior • Vision & attention; language

  2. Learning & memory Where were you on the following day?

  3. Learning & memory September 11, 2006

  4. Learning & memory “Knowing that” Vs. “Knowing how” Gilbert Ryle, Oxford philosopher of mind, 1949

  5. The limbic system:Memory & emotion

  6. Medial temporal lobe memory system

  7. Medial temporal lobe memory system Courtesy of S. Heckers (J N Trans, 2002)

  8. Current standard 1mm structural imaging (AD patient) Trio TIM, 12 channel coil, 1mm3 MPRAGE

  9. High-resolution MR imaging7 Tesla ex vivo 100-150um resolution Courtesy of Jean Augustinack & Bruce Fischl

  10. High-resolution MPRAGE 32 channel coil, 3T Trio 0.38x0.38x1mm MPRAGE (ipat x 2, 10 min acq time, 112 slices), Seven acquisitions were motion-corrected and averaged. Beautiful contrast & anatomic detail is present, including thalamic nuclei, claustrum, tiny perforating vessels

  11. High-resolution MPRAGE Excellent grey-white contrast is present in hippocampus; note also tiny pial perforating vessels

  12. Learning & memory: HM H.M. Control Corkin S, J Nsci, 1997

  13. Learning & memory: HM

  14. Multiple memory systems

  15. Learning & memory What task would you use to show differential hippocampal activation? (When is the hippocampus “off”?)

  16. Functional MRI ParadigmScene encoding (block design) Novel Repeated Novel Repeated + + + + + 5s 40s 25s Adapted from C.E. Stern et al., PNAS, 1996

  17. Learning & memory: Novelty Stern CE, PNAS 1996

  18. Learning & memory: Events Brewer J, Science 1998; Wagner A, Science 1998

  19. Learning & memory: Individual variability in MTL activation Vandenbroucke MWJ, Neuroimage 2004

  20. Learning & memory: Individual variability in anatomy Vandenbroucke MWJ, Neuroimage 2004

  21. Genetic influences on MTL activation BDNF val/val > val/met APOE 4 > 3 Bookheimer et al.,NEJM, 2000 Hariri et al., J Neurosci, 2003

  22. Multiple memory systems

  23. Learning & memory: Frontal lobe anatomy

  24. Learning & memory: Frontal lobe & episodic memory Brewer J, Science 1998; Wagner A, Science 1998

  25. Learning & memory:Working memory Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex: Digit span Delayed match to sample N-back

  26. Learning & memory:Working memory D’Esposito M, 2002

  27. Learning & memory:Working memory & sleep deprivation After full night sleep After sleep deprivation N-back task Drummond SP, Nature 2004

  28. Learning & memory:Striatal anatomy

  29. Learning & memory:Striatum & procedural memory Knowlton BJ, Science 1996

  30. Emotional learning & memory:Amygdala & orbitofrontal cortex Poldrack R, Nature 2001

  31. Emotional conditioning is dependent on amygdala, declarative learning on the hippocampus Bechara A, Science 1995

  32. Amygdala activation is related to emotional intensity at encoding, and predicts recall Recognition 3 weeks later Canli T, J Neurosci 2000

  33. ‘Unseen’ emotional stimuli activate amygdala & can elicit emotional conditioning Morris JS, Brain 2001

  34. Systems for processing facial emotion Adolphs R, Curr Opn Nbiol 2002

  35. Learning & memory Binding information processed by the brain for storage and future use, particularly with relevance to survival & other needs

More Related