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Naming Esters

Naming Esters. Esters (R-CO-O-R') are named as alkyl derivatives of carboxylic acids. The alkyl (R') group is named first. The R-CO-O part is then named as a separate word based on the carboxylic acid name, with the ending changed from  -oic acid  to  -oate . Alcohol  component

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Naming Esters

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  1. Naming Esters

  2. Esters (R-CO-O-R') are named as alkyl derivatives of carboxylic acids. • The alkyl (R') group is named first. • The R-CO-O part is then named as a separate word based on the carboxylic acid name, with the ending changed from  -oic acid to -oate.

  3. Alcohol component • the root name is based on the longest chain containing the -OH group. • The chain is numbered so the -OH has the lowest possible number. • Carboxylic acid component • the root name is based on the longest chain including the carbonyl group. • Since the carboxylic acid group is at the end of the chain, it must be C1. • The ester suffix for the acid component :  -ane + -oate = -anoate etc.

  4. Example • methyl propanoate • An ester name has two parts - the part that comes from the acid (propanoate) and the part that shows the alkyl group (methyl). Propanoic Acid The hydrogen in the -COOH group is replaced by an alkyl group in this case, a methyl group. Ester names are confusing because the name is written backwards from the way the structure is drawn

  5. Example #2 • Ethyl ethanoate • This is probably the most commonly used example of an ester. It is based on ethanoic acid (hence, ethanoate), a 2 carbon acid. The hydrogen in the -COOH group is replaced by an ethyl group.

  6. Example of Acids • HCOOH = methanoic acid • CH3COOH = ethanoic acid • CH3CH2COOH = propanoic acid • C3H7COOH = butanoic acid

  7. Resources • http://www.chemguide.co.uk/basicorg/conventions/names2.html • http://www.chemguide.co.uk/organicprops/esters/background.html • http://www.youtube.com/user/EducatorVids?v=oUMrNkiAKJ8&feature=pyv&ad=8587454348&kw=organic%20chemistry • http://www.chem.ucalgary.ca/courses/351/orgnom/esters/esters-01.html

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