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Esters

14/07/2014. Esters. L.O. I know that cosmetics can be made naturally and synthetically. I know how an ester is made. I can carry out an experiment to compare different solvents. Starter. In backs of books name 10 things that have perfume added to them. Air freshener. Shampoo.

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Esters

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  1. 14/07/2014 Esters L.O. • I know that cosmetics can be made naturally and synthetically. • I know how an ester is made. • I can carry out an experiment to compare different solvents.

  2. Starter In backs of books name 10 things that have perfume added to them Air freshener Shampoo Disinfectant Deodorant Body spray Washing up liquid Candles Fabric Conditioner Hair spray Conditioner

  3. What Makes a Good Perfume Non-toxic Does not poison Does not irritate the skin Can be put directly on the skin Does not react with water Does not react with perspiration Evaporates easily - volatile Perfume particles can reach the nose Cannot be washed off easily Insoluble in water

  4. Volatility We can smell an ester because particles leave the ester, diffuse through the air and stimulate sensors in our nose. The volatility (ease of evaporation) of perfumes (esters) can be explained using ideas about moving particles. Movement of particles DIFFUSION low concentration high concentration

  5. How are Cosmetics and Perfumes Made? Cosmetics and perfumes can be made from natural sources. (can you name any?) For large scale cosmetic production perfumes are more commonly made synthetically ( made by human action) e.g. roses, lavender and pine trees

  6. Making Esters - Esterification To make a perfume a chemical called an ester is made. An alcohol mixed with an acid makes an ester. Alcohol + Acid Ester + Water This reaction is reversible (it goes both ways). ethanol propanoic ethyl propanoate butanol ethanoic butyl ethanoate propanol butanoic propyl butanoate methanol ethanoic methyl ethanoate

  7. Uses of Esters Esters can be used for:- • Food flavourings • Solvents • Perfumes

  8. Comparing Solvents Aim : To find the best solvent to dissolve nail polish. Method: A strip of nail polish was painted onto a wooden spill and put into these solvents. Write up the results and a conclusion for this experiment hot water ethanol propanone

  9. Homework Complete the sheet ‘Solutions – definitions to learn’ to recap for a quick test next lesson

  10. Explaining the results Water does not dissolve nail varnish. This is because the force of attraction between two water molecules is stronger than that between a water molecule and a molecule of nail varnish. Weak forces of attraction between water molecule and nail varnish molecule. Strong forces of attraction between nail varnish molecules. Strong forces of attraction between water molecules.

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