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NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AGRICULTURE FOR KHARIF CAMPAIGN- 2012

NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AGRICULTURE FOR KHARIF CAMPAIGN- 2012. PRESENTATION BY Department of Agriculture, Punjab . WATER MANAGEMENT AND DRY LAND FARMING . STATISTICS OF PUNJAB:. Geographical Area : 5.04 m ha Net Area Sown : 4.20 m ha

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NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AGRICULTURE FOR KHARIF CAMPAIGN- 2012

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  1. NATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AGRICULTURE FOR KHARIF CAMPAIGN- 2012 PRESENTATION BYDepartment of Agriculture, Punjab.

  2. WATER MANAGEMENT AND DRY LAND FARMING

  3. STATISTICS OF PUNJAB: • Geographical Area : 5.04 m ha • Net Area Sown : 4.20 m ha • Total Area Irrigated : 4.06 m ha(97.4%) • Canal irrigated : 1.10 m ha (27.4%) • Tube-well irrigated : 2.93 m ha (70%) (13.50 lakh tube-wells) • Total cropped area : 7.90 m ha • Cropping intensity : 189.4%

  4. SIZE CLASS WISE PERCENTAGE OF OPERATIONAL HOLDING AND AREA OPERATED

  5. MAJOR RIVERS OF PUNJAB

  6. CANAL NETWORK OF PUNJAB

  7. 1 2 3 4 5 AGRO CLIMATIC ZONES Average Monsoon Rainfall (June-Sept.) (in mm)

  8. RAINFALL BEHAVIOUR Year Average Rainfall (in mm) 1970 672.3 1980 739.1 1990 754.6 1998 477.5 1999 390.8 2000 391.9 2001 462.8 2002 314.5 2003 459.5 2004 375.2 2005 565.9 2006 395.8 2007 424.3 2008 591.4 2009 447.4 2010 491.7 2011 596.8 RAINFALL SINCE 1998 LESS THAN NORMAL (700 mm)

  9. MAJOR CONSTRAINTS • Depletion of under ground water in central Punjab and deeper water table in foot hills of kandi area. • Water logging and salinity in south western districts • Erratic nature of rainfall • Non availability of adequate irrigation facilities in kandi area leads to low productivity of crops. • Climate change. • Rising cost of groundwater extraction

  10. DEGRADATION OF SOIL RESOURCE • 1.17 Lakh Ha. (2.33%) declared wasteland • Imbalance of Soil Micro-nutrients in about 70% area of the state. • Rising Soil Alkalinity & Salinity, Water-logging in about 20% area of the state. • Severe Soil Erosion in 10% Northern belt of the state. • Little scope of increasing production even with increased use of inputs.

  11. 1. Boron and sulphur deficiency is not a major issue in Punjab State. 2. The state soils are medium to high in potassium, therefore the consumption is low. 3. The soils of the state are alkaline in nature and salinity in the state is not an issue. SOIL HEALTH STATUS OF PUNJAB (% of Soil Samples Determined as Low Medium & High)

  12. SOIL HEALTH STATUS

  13. CROPPING PATTERN AND CROPPING INTENSITY Percentage Cropped Area

  14. DISTRICT WISE/SOURCE WISE NET IRRIGATED AREA

  15. PRODUCTION AND PRODUCTIVITY IN RAINFED/DRYLAND AREA

  16. DISTRICT WISE/SOURCE WISE NET IRRIGATED AREA

  17. Average Moonsoon Rainfall (June-Sept.)Punjab State (in mm)

  18. WATER DEMAND, AVAILABILITY AND CRIPPLING DEFICIT • The deficit is being met by over draft from groundwater • Water tables are declining in groundwater worthy areas THUS CONSERVATION OF IRRIGATION WATER IS A MAJOR ISSUE

  19. STATUS OF GROUND WATER DEVELOPMENT & CRITICAL AREA As per the latest groundwater balance studies (2004) 1. 25 blocks are categorized as ‘Safe’ (stage of development less than 70%), 2. 4 as ‘Semi-Critical’ (stage of development between 70 to 90%), 3. 5 blocks as ‘Critical‘ (stage of development between 90 to 100%) 4. 103 blocks as ‘Over-Exploited’ (stage of development more than 100%).

  20. CURRENT STATUS OF GROUNDWATER DEVELOPMENT

  21. Depleting water table in Central PunjabArea under different water table depths in Sq kms)

  22. A

  23. Time trend of 20 years mean weekly water deficit at Ludhiana ALTERATION IN CROP CALENDER Recommended Date of Paddy Transplantation DEPLETION IN WATER LEVEL (CM) Transplant Paddy after 10th – 15th June, then net recharge and net draft balance each other in case rainfall is normal (648 mm)

  24. POLICY INITIATIVES ENFORCEMENT OF TIMELY TRANSPLANTATION For this purpose ‘THE PUNJAB PRESERVATION OF SUB-SOIL WATER ACT, 2009’ has been enacted which provides for: • No sowing of nursery before 10th May • Nursery not to be transplanted before a date to be notified by the State. • Notified date 10th June, 2009 • In case of violation, nursery or transplanted paddy to be destroyed at the expenses of the farmer.

  25. EFFORTS MADE BY STATE FOR IMPROVING WATER USE EFFICIENCY • Propagation of On-farm water saving techniques viz. Laser land leveling, bed planting, zero tillage, SRI and direct seeded rice • Rainwater harvesting and recharging structures being constructed in the sub-mountainous region. • Subsidy up to 85% on Micro Irrigation (Drip & Sprinklers); • 50% subsidy on Underground Pipeline Systems (UGPS) to individual farmers; • 90% Subsidy for the Community UGPS Projects under Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY); • 26 Watershed Management Projects being implemented under NWDPRA.

  26. WATER CHALLENGES • Water flows fast – out of 8760 hours in year, most of the rain in the state falls in just 100 hours • Increase supply of water – augment our resources • Use the available water prudently – maximize its productivity and minimize its waste • Ensure that the available water is not polluted and rendered unsafe for use

  27. CONCLUSION Agriculture in Punjab is highly intensive and water resources of the State are under tremendous stress hence, the existing scenario justifies the claim of Punjab being considered in equation with dry-land farming States and requires financial assistance at par with these states.

  28. Thanks!

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