National Conference on Agriculture Kharif Campaign - 2012

1. Group – II Water Management and Dry land Farming Department of Agriculture Andhra Pradesh National Conference on AgricultureKharif Campaign - 2012

2. Extent of Dry land / Rainfed areas under different Rainfall Zones

3. Extent of Dry land / Rainfed areas under different Rainfall Zones – 2009-10 (Area in 000’ ha) Source: D.E.S

4. District wise Normal Rainfall, Irrigated areas, Rainfed areas & Cropping Intensity Source: D.E.S

5. AGRO-CLIMATIC ZONES

6. Andhra Pradesh – Agro-Climatic Zones Source:- ANGRAU

7. Erratic behavior of Rainfall leading to often Droughts Prolonged dry spells / Excess rains during critical stages of crop growth leading to reduction in yields / crop failure Degraded & poor soils often subjected to runoff and soil erosion Limited scope for crop diversification / contingent cropping etc. Lack of adequate animal and mechanical traction Non availability of credit to resource poor & tenant farmers The inability of farmers to market, surplus produce – lack of storage facility Poor transport facilities and road network in rural areas Small & Marginal holdings– difficulty in use of farm machinery Shortage of labour in dry lands – Migration to commands and urban areas Dominated by resource poor and small and marginal farmers Inadequate extension reach for technology dissemination Shortage of grass lands / green fodder – obstacle for integrated farming Major Constraints

8. Natural Disasters

9. Andhra Pradesh – Natural Disasters • Disaster prone state • Every year we face either Drought, Floods, Cyclones or Hailstorm • It impacts large cropped areas reducing production and productivity • Year wise position for last 15 years is given below

10. (Contd..) Source: Dept. of Agril

11. Extent of Land Degradation and other Problems

12. Abstract Source: NBSS & LUP

13. Soil Health Status

14. Source: NBSS & LUP

15. Source: NBSS & LUP

16. 2.89 40.38 55.68

17. Source: NBSS & LUP

18. Sulphur Deficiency in Andhra Pradesh Source: ANGRAU

19. Yield gaps between irrigated and rainfed areas of important crops

20. Yield gaps between irrigated and rainfed areas of important crops – 2009-10 (Kgs / ha) Source: D.E.S

21. District wise Irrigation Source and Coverage

22. District wise Irrigation Source and Coverage – 2009-10 (Area in 000 ha) • The area irrigated under canals is 14.45 lakh ha • The area irrigated by Tubewells & Dugwells is 22.83 lakh ha Source: D.E.S

23. Status of Groundwater Development and Critical Areas

24. Status of Groundwater Development • 85 % of the state is covered by hard rock areas • The groundwater is concentrated in certain pockets and is exploited • Compact and unconsolidated rocks have limited porosity and permeability hence less recharge capacity MCM: Million Cubic Meters Number of Watersheds and Mandals in Different Categories Source: Groundwater Dept.

25. Source: NBSS & LUP • Over exploited, Critical and Semi-critical category are groundwater stress areas requiring high priority for conservation • Intensive development of groundwater to take place in water logging areas to release surplus canal supplies to water starved areas.

26. Graphical Analysis of PET with Monthly Rainfall

27. Graphical Analysis of PET with Monthly Rainfall PET - Potential Evapo -transpiration

28. Current Fallows

29. Current Fallows (Area in 000 ha) * Drought Year Normal Rainfall - 940 mm NB:- 1. There is a direct relation between the rainfall pattern and the extent of fallows 2. In drought year the fallows will increased

30. During Kharif-2011 crop holiday was observed in 13 mandals of East Godavari district • An area of about 34000 ha was left fallow Reasons • Late release of canal water • MSP not covering the actual cost of production • Non-enforcement of existing MSP • High cost of cultivation on account of high cost of labour and inputs • Non-availability of labour in peak season of agricultural operation on account of NREGS • Non-availability of the Credit and quality inputs in time • Ineffective procurement • Insufficient storage space • Poor drainage maintenance • Apprehensions about AP Land licensed cultivators ordinance • Delayed settlements of crop insurance Other Reasons for Current fallows

31. Shift in Cropping Pattern

32. (Lakh ha) Shift in Cropping Pattern

33. Reasons for increase in crop areas • The area under paddy and pulses increased due to NFSM interventions and supply of inputs on subsidy • Area under maize increased due to its short duration and remunerative price and the crop was comparatively free from pest and diseases • With the introduction of Bt Cotton the incidence of helicoverpa was reduced, yields increased and prices are remunerative hence area increased Reasons for decrease in crop areas • Groundnut, Castor and Sunflower which are basically rainfed crops, area reduced due to un-remunerative prices and drought • Out break of pest and diseases like PSND (Peanut Stem Necrosis Disease) in Groundnut, • Semilooper and capsule borer in castor, Bihar Hairy Caterpillar in sunflower and ill fillings of heads in sunflower. • Non availability of good quality hybrid sunflower and castor seed also contributed to the decline in oilseed area • The area under sugar cane reduced due to increased cost of labour and high cost on PP measures • Area in Jowar & Bajra was replaced by Cotton and Maize in rainfed areas. Reasons for shift in Cropping pattern

34. Farmers Suicide in Dry land Areas

35. Farmers Suicide in Dry land Areas

36. Thank you

37. Analysis of fertility Index of NPK 2002-2010 Range :- Low -0-1.66, Medium – 1.66-2.33, High - >2.33

38. Micronutrients Status Percent below critical level (Deficient)