Classification

1. Classification • Classification – grouping of organisms based on traits • Taxonomy – study of classification – branch of biology • Bionomial nomenclature – 2 word naming system – proposed by Linnaeus • Ex. Genus and species; written in italics or underlined; Genus capatilized and species lowercase

2. Order of Classification • Domain – 3 • Kingdom – 6 • Phylum • Class • Order • Family • Genus • Species – smallest group ; denotes specific organism

3. Three Domains • Domain Bacteria – unicellular, prokaryotic, thick cell walls with peptidoglycan, contains eubacteria • Domain Archaea – unicellular, prokaryotic, live in extreme environments, cell walls lack peptidoglycan - archaebacteria • Domain Eukarya – contains all eukaryotes in kingdoms – protista, fungi, plantae, animalia

4. Six Kingdoms • Eubacteria • Archaebacteria • Protista • Fungi • Plantae • Animalia

5. Tools used to identify organism • Cladogram – diagram that uses derived characters to show evolutionary relationships • Dichotomous key – series of paired statements that describe physical characteristics of different organisms – use to identify

6. Major overview points • Cell Type – Prokaryote or eukaryote • Cell structures – cell walls peptidoglycan, cellulose, or chitin, chloroplasts or not • Number of cells – unicellular or multicellular • Mode of nutrition – autotroph or heterotroph • Know examples