CP218 Transportation Studio

1. CP218 Transportation Studio Parking in Downtown Berkeley December 2007

2. Parking in Downtown Berkeley CP218 Transportation Studio December 2007

3. Agenda • Project Overview • Data Summary • Recommendations • Final Thoughts

4. Project Overview Downtown Berkeley is Growing • Downtown Area Plan calls for: • Increased density and heights • Restrictions on new parking Downtown Berkeley Downtown Area Plan proposed land use

5. Project Overview • New development will increase trips to Downtown • New parking will not be built to accommodate these trips • Major shift to alternate modes required Share of trips by private car Total number of trips to Downtown Downtown parking supply Share of trips by walk, bike, and transit Time Time

6. Project Overview Balancing Perspectives Residential Perspective Maintain parking for residents Reduce traffic impacts of new development Ensure parking availability within Downtown Encourage alternate modes Increase total trips Downtown Reduce number of parking facilities Downtown Reduce congestion related to cruising Increase parking facilities Downtown Reduce vehicle trips Downtown Emissions Reduction Perspective Business Perspective

7. Project Overview 4 Estimate revenue outcome and suggest potential expenditures 3 Formulate a parking management strategy 2 Identify concerns and opportunities 1 Assess current parking conditions Studio Methodology

8. Agenda • Project Overview • Data Summary • On-Street • Off-Street • Usage and Perceptions • Recommendations • Final Thoughts

9. Downtown Berkeley Parking Supply Hours of Operation 9 AM – 6 PM

10. On-Street Sebastian • 1394 spaces • 689 mechanical meters • 266 pay & display • 439 un-metered

11. On-Street Average occupancy during meter hours: 76%

12. On-Street Average occupancy after meter hours: 91%

13. On-Street Saturday occupancy (sample of 59 blockfaces) During meter hours: 78% average occupancy (vs. 77% on same blockfaces during weekdays) During evening hours: 91% average occupancy (vs 93% on same blockfaces during weekdays)

14. On-Street No. of Spaces by Time Limit

15. On-Street How Long People Park in Metered Spaces

16. Parking Spillover in Residential Areas On-Street

17. Off-Street Berkeley Way Lot (Public) - 111 University Hall Garage - 262 Promenade Garage - 120 Center Street Garage - 420 Allston Way Garage - 610 Kittredge Garage - 165 • 1,688 spaces • Rates from $1.00 - $2.50/hr • Max garage occupancy: 85% • Midday weekday usage highest • Weekend usage light • Evening usage extremely light: UHG weekday occupancy=4%

18. Come often Many come several times a week Do different things Many come for shopping and services Have short visits Most stay for less than 2 hours Get there a number of ways Most use two or more modes Usage and Perceptions Downtown Users:

19. How and where people park Downtown: On-Street Parking Issues: People favor non-garage options Street parking hard to find Meter time limits too short Garage Issues: Uncertainty about locations & availability Usage and Perceptions

20. Summary of Current Conditions • Daytime demand for on-street parking spatially clustered • Occupancy rates during evening hours high throughout Downtown • Off-street garages underutilized, especially during evening • Visitors perceive lack of parking spaces, unaware of garages

21. Agenda • Project Overview • Data Summary • Recommendations • Final Thoughts

22. Recommendations Encourage parking in underutilized areas Raise revenues and encourage use of alternate modes Promote evening availability of on-street parking Price parking by zone Increase price of on-street parking Extend meter hours

23. Recommendations • Raising Meter Rates • Bring on street-prices closer to garages, transit • Raise revenue to improve downtown • How Much is Too Much? • No clear answer, but… • Downtown visitors have many mode choices • Visitors surveyed perceive on-street parking availability as more of a problem than price

24. Zonal Pricing • Convert all meters to Pay & Display • Implement zonal pricing strategy • $2.00 “lollipop zone” • $1.50 all other spaces

25. Extend Meter Hours Begin evening hour fare • 6 PM – 12 AM • $1.00 for all spaces • No time limits

26. Estimated Current Revenue

27. Projected Revenue

28. Cost of Implementation

29. Determining Implementation Options Decisions  Considerations  Impacts on Implementation Funding City Funded Immediate Self Supported Phased Spending Implementation Cost Repayment Schedule Funding Downtown Improvement Funds Schedule Political Feasibility Time to Stable Operations

30. Implementation Scenarios

31. Usage and Perceptions • Downtown Users: • Main Concern: Homeless • Downtown residents support Physical Improvements & Transportation Alternatives • - Improved sidewalk cleaning, streetscaping, etc. • People outside Downtown & Central Berkeley support Parking Improvements • City Policy: • Policy T-25: Maintain streets and sidewalks • Policy T-3: Provide Eco-Passes for all City employees • Policy T-39: Encourage high-tech computerized parking

32. Implementation Scenarios Reach Stable Operations in 3 – 4 Years

33. Potential Spending Packages TIM—Need info Bike station on alternative modes? More streetscape?

34. Agenda • Project Overview • Data Summary • Recommendations • Final Thoughts

35. Summary of Recommendations Proposal focuses on current parking issues • Spatially concentrated demand • Evening parking occupancy As Downtown continues to grow, this plan: • Generates funds to encourage alternative modes • Provides more flexible Pay & Display Parking strategy Downtown-wide Pay & Display system Zone pricing Extend meter hours until 12:00 am

36. Monitoring the Investment Proper parking management requires significant investment of time and capital To ensure continued effectiveness of this proposal: • Solicit public opinion • Create statutory requirement to adjust price • Peg average on-street rates to garages or • Index hourly rates to inflation or • Price on-street spaces dynamically • Conduct periodic occupancy studies • Re-evaluate parking geography, e.g. “lollipop”

37. Thank you Questions?