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National Drug IQ Challenge

Dive into the health risks and effects of alcohol consumption. Learn how alcohol impacts the body, brain, and relationships. Know the myths and realities about alcohol use.

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National Drug IQ Challenge

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  1. National Drug IQ Challenge http://drugfactsweek.drugabuse.gov/IQChallenge.php Can you make it to the Brainiac Round?

  2. Chapter 21: Alcohol Lesson 1: The Health Risks of Alcohol Use

  3. Alcohol • Alcohol, or ethanol- the type of alcohol in alcoholic beverages- is a powerful and addictive drug. • Using alcohol during the teen years can affect brain development. • Ethanol can be produced synthetically, or naturally by fermenting fruits, vegetables, and grains. • Fermentation is the chemical action of yeast on sugars. • Water, flavoring, and minerals are mixed with ethanol to produce beer, wine, and flavored malt-liquor drinks.

  4. Short-Term Effects of Alcohol • Alcohol is a depressant, a drug that slows the central nervous system. • If a person consumes too much alcohol, he or she will become intoxicated. • Intoxication is the state in which the body is poisoned by alcohol or another substance, and the person’s physical and mental control is significantly reduced. • Alcohol stays in a person’s system until the liver can metabolize it, or break it down.

  5. Short-Term Effects of Alcohol • Changes to the brain • Development • Memory • Judgment and control • Risk of stroke • Cardiovascular changes • Heart • Liver and kidney problems • Digestive system problems • Stomach • Pancreas problems

  6. Factors That Influence Alcohol’s Effects • Body size. A smaller person feels the effect of the same amount of alcohol faster than a larger person. • Gender. Alcohol generally moves into the bloodstream faster in females than in males. • Food. Food in the stomach slows down the passage of alcohol into the bloodstream. • Rate of intake. If a person drinks alcohol faster than the liver can break it down, the person becomes intoxicated. • Amount. As the amount of alcohol consumed increases, the level of alcohol in the bloodstream rises. • Medicine. Alcohol can interfere with the effects of medicines, and medicines can heighten the effect of alcohol.

  7. Alcohol and Drug Interactions • Medicines that may cause reactions have warning labels that advise people not to use alcohol. • Alcohol-drug interactions- • The body may absorb the drug or alcohol more slowly, increasing the length of time that alcohol or the drug is in the body. • Alcohol can decrease the effectiveness of some medications, and increase the effectiveness of others. • Enzymes in the body can change some medications into chemicals that can damage the liver or other organs.

  8. Long-Term Effects of Alcohol • Excessive alcohol use over a long period of time can damage many of the body systems, such as: • Damage to brain cells and a reduction in brain size. • Increase in blood pressure, which may lead to a heart attack or stroke. • Buildup of fat cells in the liver, which can lead to cell death. • Damage to the digestive lining of the stomach causing ulcers and cancer of the stomach. • Destruction of the pancreas. • The negative effects of alcohol can also include damage to relationships with family, friends, and others.

  9. Binge Drinking and Alcohol Poisoning • Some people choose to drink large amounts of alcohol during one session. • Binge drinking is drinking five or more alcoholic drinks at one sitting. • Rapid binge drinking is sometimes done on a bet or dare. • Binge drinking can lead to alcohol poisoning. • Alcohol poisoning is a severe and potentially fatal physical reaction to an alcohol overdose. • Involuntary actions, such as breathing and the gag reflex that prevents choking may be impaired.

  10. Long-Term Effects • The Brain • Addiction • Loss of brain functions • Brain damage • The Cardiovascular System • Heart damage • High blood pressure • The Digestive System • Irritation of digestive lining • Fatty liver • Alcoholic hepatitis • Cirrhosis of the liver • The Pancreas • Swelling of the pancreas lining

  11. Effects of Alcohol Poisoning • Even though someone may become unconscious, alcohol that is in the stomach continues to enter the bloodstream. • Even if someone is unconscious, that person’s blood alcohol level will continue to rise. • Some symptoms include: • Mental confusion and stupor. • Coma and an inability to be roused. • Vomiting and seizures. • Slow respiration. • Irregular heartbeat. • Hypothermia or low body temperature.

  12. Myths & Reality • Myth: • Beer or wine won’t get you drunk as fast as hard liquor. • Fact: • The amount of alcohol consumed, not the type of drink, makes a person drunk. A can of beer, a 4-ounce glass of wine, or a mixed drink all contain about the same amount of alcohol. • Myth: • Drinking alcohol warms the body. • Fact: • While drinking alcohol can make the drinker’s skin feel warm, blood vessels in the skin expand and actually cause the body to lose heat. Outside on a cold day, this can result in hypothermia.

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