Staff capacity building for dairy development from Pant Nagar University

1. Staff capacity building for dairy development from Pant Nagar University 12-14 August 2013

2. Welcome by G.K. Singh, Dean, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences • Welcome the participants • History of development of this university • Present conditions of Uttarakhand (UK) • Agriculture- scarce land • Dairy –next option for livelihood • Migration • What are important constraints of dairy development in UK • Less productive local breeds • Scarcity of quality feed • Difficulty in marketing- economies of scale • Diseases • First time with ILRI-field staffs- will be good to have reflection of field conditions • Will do all support for any ILRI project in these region

3. Welcome address by Dean Participants with Dean and co-ordinator, extension

4. Training schedule

5. Challenges-strategies-Dairy DevtDr.Tripathi • Status • Consumption pattern changing • Demand in next 30 yrs, • Agri- 32%, horticulture- 104%, fisheries- 132%, imp Livestock/AH-154%, so more demand for LV products • In UK-land scarcity- barren land increased • Livestock population increased but % decreased, increased buffaloes • But decreased productivity of dairy animals • GDP-Milk-77% and dung-12%- importance of dung • Challenges • Lack of good germ plasm management- lack of good breeds • Scarcity of feed and insufficient nutrition for milk production (36%-dry fodder, 50%-green fodder, 65%-concentrates) • Wastage of feed and fodder due to lack of manger/ground feeding • Diseases- loss of production

6. Challenges-strategies-Dairy DevtDr.Tripathi • Strategies • Breed • Breed improvement policy for different states • Maintenance of good breed germplasm • Research with universities for pedigree improvement • Stepwise breed improvement plan in UK • Feed • Balanced feed with concentrates in feed • Chaffing fodder/ promotion of manger feeding • Feed supplements • Sourcing good grass seeds for feed scarcity like Napier • Health care • Training of local people for first aid and AI practice • His study shows budget for animal health decreased over years • First aid and treatment camps

7. Management strategies for dairy devtDr.D.V.Singh & Dr.Sanjay Sharma • What is management • No waste of resources • Efficient use of resources for maximum output • Discussion of feed and shed management • Status-feed (“energy generated is energy conserved”) • Very scarce land • More labour for collection of fodder • Wastage of fodder • Lack of green fodder year round • Status- shelter • Animals need comfort for production/rest • Less space • Cleanliness is questionable • Taboos- closed house, nobody can see the animals etc • More ammonia gas reported these shelters of UK-decreased production-stress

8. Management strategies for dairy devtDr.D.V.Singh & Dr.Sanjay Sharma • Strategies • Show farmers how to save fodder- wastage prevention demonstration through chaffing fodder- manager practice- similar studies done in KVK in UK (ask detail later) • Planning year round green fodder- barley/napieretc • Demonstration of good housing management • Getting confidence of old and traditional farmers-respect their views and include in interventions • Replacement of low yielding dairy animals through breed improvement • Involve farmers in research-action research • Table given for right approach of breed improvement for different altitudes • Decrease the calving interval through breeding plan- farmers has to be given capacity building in breed improvements • Importance of feeding calf for decreasing the calving interval and first calving • Identification of heat and right time AI importance • Balanced feed ration • Deworming management • Mastitis prevention and controls measures • Disease control- importance of vaccinations • Importance of space or shelter comfort for regurgitation which is important digestibility and for milk production

10. Feeding dairy animals-Dr.Anil Kumar • Importance of new-born calf feeding • Onset of first heat • Fertility will be good • More milk production • Decreased calving interval • What is balanced feed? • Types of feeds • List of feeds • Importance of minerals • Importance of water • Importance of feed supplements • How to make concentrate mixture • Importance of oilseed cakes? • Fodder conservation techniques • Feeding pregnant animals

11. How to combat feed scarcity-B.C.Mondal • Reasons for feed scarcity • Scarce land • Disasters • Decreased rainfall • Alternates • Tree leaves • Bhimal is good with high protein-18%? • Most trees have tannin content which decrease protein digestion-so limited quantity feeding • Bhimal less tannin • Mixed cultivation • Cereal, fodder grass and trees • Agro-industrial bi-products • Straws-poor digestibility-lack protein • Need for supplementation with protein like soyabean cake, ground nut cake etc • Feed supplements • UREA/Molasses- 100 kg wheat straw-1kg urea and 10 kg molasses • Urea release nit in rumen, molasses for energy • Concentrate mix • Grains-(30-35%) maize, bajra,oat, millet, barley • Grain bi-products-(20-25%) rice and wheat bran • Minerals and vits- (2%) • Agro-ind bi-products- (30-35%) soyabean, gn,mustard • Salt-(1%) • How much concentrates? • For 13kg milk-1kg conc- increase 1kg for every 3 lts of milk

12. Prevention and control of diseasesDr.NidhiArora • Main diseases • Causes, symptoms, tests/diagnosis techniques, basic treatments, prevention and control for following diseases • Mastitis • Metritis • FMD • Milk fever • Infertility • Tympany • Skin problems • Retained placenta • How to identify a sick animals and importance of isolation of sick animals from healthy animals • Importance of vaccinations

13. Economic assessment of dairy animalsDr.D.Bardhan • Highly technical? Not understood by staffs • How to calculate the economic profitability? Return minus cost • Definitions of all terms • They have done one research in Nainital area for economic profitability • They found dairy is not profitable if we include the labour, if labour is not included its little profitable but as livelihood option? Need much interventions on the feeding and breed interventions • Ask for his study paper? later

14. Management of parasitic diseasesD.Stuti Vats • Diff altitudes-diff type of parasites • 2 types-external and internal • Lifecycle, symptoms, tretamnet and prevention discussed for major parasites • Liver flukes • Amphistoms • Tapeworms • Round worms • Blood protozoa-tryps, babesia, Theliriaetc • Coccidiosis • Deworming schedule • Small ruminants-Nov-May-Aug • Large ruminants- May-Sep • Visit to Lab to see different type of worms

15. Visit to ClinicsDr.J.L.Singh • Discussed on identification of sick animals • Importance of measurement of clinical parameters • 70-75% problems related with feed and water • Visit to lab, clinical examination, x ray etc

16. Reproductive health managementDr.Shiv Prasad • Main parts of reproductive systems • Identification of heat and importance of AI in right time to decrease calving interval • Management of infertility • Management of important reproductive problems like retained placenta, milk fever, meritisetc

17. Feedback • Training was good- first time to know the different strategies and diseases • Need more days- may be 5 days • Some practical exposure to fields like fodder, dairy, feed and shelter management- lack of field exposure • Some classes can be in field- dairy feeding and management • Visit to near villages for the exposure for diff management practices will be helpful • Economic assessment- need training in simple way • It will be good to have some basic training for some farmers (innovators) • Pant Nagar can help in identification of good breeds? • Support needed for feeding trial in field (university promised that they will give field research support- we have to write to them request with topics)- I will send a detail request for feeding trial (fodder waste prevention and concentrate feeding)-technical support for design of trial • Can have access to university for any data if needed • University did not charged extra for extra persons