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The Global Atmosphere Watch Aerosol Programme Urs Baltensperger

EMEP-EPA Workshop New Orleans, USA, 20-23 April, 2004. The Global Atmosphere Watch Aerosol Programme Urs Baltensperger Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland. The Mission of GAW.

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The Global Atmosphere Watch Aerosol Programme Urs Baltensperger

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  1. EMEP-EPA Workshop New Orleans, USA, 20-23 April, 2004 The Global Atmosphere Watch Aerosol Programme Urs Baltensperger Laboratory of Atmospheric Chemistry Paul Scherrer Institut, CH-5232 Villigen, Switzerland

  2. The Mission of GAW • Make reliable, comprehensiveobservations of the chemical composition and selected physical characteristics of the atmosphere on global and regional scales • Provide assessments and early warnings of atmospheric change • Predict future atmospheric states • Components: Radiation (mainly UV)       AerosolsOzone              Precipitation chemistryGreenhouse Gases              GURME (urban environments)

  3. Objective for the GAW Aerosol Programme To determine the spatio-temporal distribution of aerosol properties related to climate forcing and air quality up to multidecadal time scales.”

  4. Facilities, Bodies The Scientific Advisory Group(Chair: Urs Baltensperger) Still wanted:The World Calibration Centrefor Aerosol Chemistry, WCCACN.N. The World Calibration Centrefor Aerosols, Physics, WCCAPin Leipzig (Alfred Wiedensohler) Data providers22 Global stations300+ Regional stationsparticipating programmes The World Data Centrefor Aerosols, WDCAin Ispra(Julian Wilson)http://rea.ei.jrc.it/netshare/wilson/WDCA Data users

  5. WORLD METEOROLOGICAL ORGANIZATION GLOBAL ATMOSPHERE WATCH’s GLOBAL NETWORK Ny Ålesund 80 80 Alert Point Barrow Pallas-Sodankylä Polar Circle Mace Head Zugspitze-Hohenpeissenberg 40 40 Mt Waliguan Izana Mauna Loa Minamitorishima Assekrem-Tamanrasset 0 0 Bukit Koto Tabang Kenya Samoa Arembepe Lauder Cape Point 40 40 Amsterdam Island Cape Grim Ushuaia 40 160 120 80 40 0 80 120 160 Neumayer Station South Pole May 2001

  6. Global regional and contributing stations Source: GAWSIS, http://www.empa.ch/gaw/gawsis/

  7. The World Data Centre for Aerosols http://rea.ei.jrc.it/netshare/wilson/WDCA/

  8. Aerosol parameters suggested by the GAW SAG/Aerosol • Continuously:- Multiwavelength optical depth- Mass in two size fractions- Major chemical components in two size fractions- Light absorption coefficient- Light scattering scattering coefficientat various wavelengths- Hemispheric backscattering coefficient at various wavelengths - Aerosol number concentration- Cloud condensation nuclei at 0.5% supersaturationIntermittently:- Aerosol size distribution- Detailed size fractionated chemical composition- Dependence on relative humidity- CCN spectra (various supersaturations)- Vertical distribution of aerosol properties • Bold: core parameters

  9. Harmonization issues • Is there a suitable instrument? • Intercomparison between instruments for the same parameter • Adaptation to ambient conditions • Integration of data (e.g. column and in situ data)

  10. WMO/GAWAerosol Measurement ProceduresGuidelines and RecommenationsGAW Report No. 153can be downloaded from:http://www.wmo.ch/web/arep/gaw/gaw_home.html(or: Google: WMO GAW -> GAW home page)

  11. Location, Date: Davos (Switzerland), 8-10 March 2004 Organizer: Len Barrie (WMO), Chris Wehrli (WRC), Urs Baltensperger Sponsors: WMO/GAW, GAW-CH, WRC Topics:- Strategies for Global Coverage and Applications - Technical Coordination for better Integration in a Global Network Outcome: WMO Report (summer 2004) Data Provider Workshop I:Aerosol Optical Depth

  12. Location, Date: Ispra (Italy), 18-20 October 2004 Organizer: Julian Wilson, Jean-Philippe Putaud, JRC Ispra Sponsors: WMO/GAW, EU (CREATE/DAEDALUS), JRC Goals:- bring data providers together- explore possibilities for data access between contributing partners- repeat the European Aerosol Compilation (see Putaud) on a global scale- demonstrate data usage via AEROCOM Workshop open to any data provides, some funding available Data Provider Workshop II:Aerosol in situ parameters

  13. The High Altitude Research Station Jungfraujoch, 3580 m asl

  14. On-line access to aerosol data Example: Scattering coefficient www.psi.ch/gaw

  15. Absorption coefficient measurements with the aethalometer and the MAAP Simultaneous scattering and absorption coefficient: identification of Saharan dust events, see Collaud et al., Atmos. Chem. Phys. Discuss. (2003)

  16. Promising development of GAW in recent years- guide for aerosol measurements - establishment of WCCAP - first successful calibration and audit activities - agreement with EMEP on data flow harmonisation- comprehensive data sets at a couple of sites Synergy between monitoring and research, and between different networks Some parameters require more research Data flow to WDCA to be enhanced The vision: One-stop shop for data users Highly important for ground truthing of satellite data Capacity building a central theme Conclusions

  17. Thank you for your attention

  18. Hygroscopic growth of the Jungfraujoch aerosol Weingartner et al., ES&T (2002)

  19. Indoor vs. ambient conditions Nessler et al., (2003)

  20. Response of scattering coefficient and particle size to hygroscopic growth • Input: • Angstrom exponent of scattering coefficient • Relative humidity • with knowledge of • size distribution (1 year) • chemical composition (ions: every 6th day, detailed chemistry: campaigns) • hygroscopic growth behavior: campaigns

  21. Response of scattering coefficient and particle size to hygroscopic growth

  22. Chemical composition of the Jungfraujoch aerosol Henning et al., J. Geophys. Res. (2003)

  23. Number and surface area size distributions of the Jungfraujoch aerosol; seasonal averages Weingartner et al., J. Geophys. Res. (1999)

  24. Setup of the Hygroscopicity Tandem DMA Weingartner et al.,ES&T (2002)

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