Berachah Bible Institute Hebrew Grammar I

1. Berachah Bible InstituteHebrew Grammar I Chapter 11: Hebrew Numbers

2. Hebrew Numbers BBIHebrew Grammar I Section 11.1 – Introduction Some terminology • Cardinal numbers – Used for counting (e.g., 1, 2, 3) • Ordinal numbers – Used for ordering (e.g., 1st, 2nd, 3rd) Some facts • English numbers may be represented by name (e.g., one hundred and eighty) or by symbol (e.g., 180) • Modern Hebrew numbers may be represented by name (e.g., ta;Þmw ~ynwmv) or by symbol (e.g., pq). Note that the symbols are themselves letters of the alphabet. • Biblical Hebrew numbers are only represented by name.

3. Hebrew Numbers BBIHebrew Grammar I Section 11.2 – Cardinal Numbers 1-10 What you need to know • Learn to recite and spell the masculine absolute forms • Become familiar with all forms of one and two • Note types of changes that occur for others • Qamets-He added to make feminine absolute • Often vowel changes to make masculine construct • Qamets-He to Patach-Tav change for feminine construct • Qamets-He to Seghol-Tav change for feminine construct

4. Hebrew Numbers BBIHebrew Grammar I Section 11.2 (continued) dx'a, = “One” • Normally used like an attributive adjective • When used as a noun, the construct state is used. ~yIn:v. = “Two” • Normally used like a substantival adjective • Also often in the construct state. Three Through Nine • Normally used like a substantival adjective • But! Disagreement in gender and number!

5. Hebrew Numbers BBIHebrew Grammar I Section 11.3 – Cardinal Numbers 11-19 What you need to know • The numbers 11-19 are simply combinations of ten with a number one through nine. • Regardless whether or not the modified noun is singular or plural, it is translated as a plural. %l,m,ä ‘va'Ay-!b, Why"Üc.m;a] yxi’y>w: zx'Þa'Ah)y>-!B, va'îAhy> tAmê yrEäx]a;( hd"êWhy> `hn")v' hrEÞf.[, vmeîx] lae_r"f.yI %l,m,ä 15 years 2 Kings 14:17

6. Hebrew Numbers BBIHebrew Grammar I Section 11.4 – Cardinal Numbers 20-99 Section 11.5 – Cardinal Numbers 100+ What you need to know (20-99) • Multiples of ten are formed using the plural form of the corresponding single digit (with plural of ten being twenty) • To form numbers in this range that are not multiples of ten, combine a multiple of ten with a single digit number using vav (“and”). What you need to know (100+) • Learn 100, 1000, and 10000 as vocabulary • 200, 2000, and 20000 are formed with the dual of 100, 1000, and 10000 • To form multiples of 100, 1000, or 10000 (other than 200, 2000, and 20000), combine a single digit number with the plural of 100, 1000, 10000 without an intervening vav.

7. Hebrew Numbers BBIHebrew Grammar I Section 11.6 – Ordinal Numbers What you need to know (Ordinal) • Learn “first” as vocabulary • “Second” through “tenth” use the single digit number ending in [t]y i • Ordinal numbers are usually used like attributive adjectives • A separate form for ordinals is only used for “first” through “tenth”. For numbers greater than ten, context is the determinative factor for whether the number is a cardinal one or an ordinal one.

8. Hebrew Numbers BBIHebrew Grammar I Section 11.7 – Summary • Be able to write out 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 20, 100, 1000, and 10000. • Be able to identify any cardinal number (see examples below)

9. BBIHebrew Grammar I Reminder • After chapter 10, you know 63.5% of all OT words • After chapter 11, you will know 65% of all OT words • Don’t forget to be doing journal (turn in @ end) • Vocabulary and Grammar Quiz this week.

10. Examples BBIHebrew Grammar I Slide 1 of 10 ~h,_ydEqup.li rvEßa'-ynEB. txoïP.v.mi hL,ae² These are the families of the sons of Asher of those numbered `tAa)me [B;îr>a;w> @l,a,Þ ~yVi²mix]w: hv'ól{v. 100 and 4 1000 and 50 3 3 and 50-thousand and 4-100 = 53,400 (Num 26:47)

11. Examples BBIHebrew Grammar I Slide 2 of 10 laeêr"f.yI ynEåB. ‘ydEWqP. hL,aeª These are those numbered of the sons of Israel (Israelites!) `~yvi(l{v.W tAaßme [b;îv. @l,a'_w" @l,a,Þ tAaïme-vve 30 100 7 and 1000 1000 100 6 6-100-1000 and 1000 | 7-100 and 30 = 600,000 + 1,000 + 700 + 30 = 601,730 (Num 26:51)

12. Examples BBIHebrew Grammar I Slide 3 of 10 hmo+l{v. ydEäb.[; ynEßb.W ~ynIëytiN>h;-lK'’ All the Nethinim and the sons of the servants of Solomon `~yIn")v.W ~y[iîv.Ti tAaßme vl{ïv. and 2 90 100 3 3-100-90 and 2 = 392 (Ezra 2:58)

13. Examples BBIHebrew Grammar I Slide 4 of 10 [:yGI+y:w> hK,Þx;m.h;( yrEîv.a; Blessed is the one who waits and reaches `hV'(mix]w: ~yviîl{v. tAaßme vl{ïv. @l,a,§ ~ymi§y"l. and 5 30 100 3 1000 days 1000-3-100-30 and 5 days = 1,335 days (Dan 12:12)

14. Examples BBIHebrew Grammar I Slide 5 of 10 hmoªl{v.li yhiäy>w: And there was to Solomon (= And Solomon had) Ab+K'r>m,l. ~ysiÞWs twOðr>au @l,a,² ~y[iîB'r>a; stalls of horses for his chariots 1000 40 = 40,000 stalls (1 Kings 5:6a)

15. Examples BBIHebrew Grammar I Slide 6 of 10 ~AYëh; ykiänOa' hNEåhi ‘hT'[;w> And now, behold! I am, today, `hn")v' ~ynIßAmv.W vmeîx'-!B, year and 80 5 son of 85 years old (Joshua 14:10)

16. Examples BBIHebrew Grammar I Slide 7 of 10 ~f'ªx.y:t.hiw> And their enrollment (Hithpael IC from fxy, 3mpx with vav) `h['(B'r>a;w> ~yviÞl{v.W @l,a,ê ‘~yIn:’v.W ~yrIÜf.[, and 4 and 30 1000 and 2 20 20 and 2-1000 and 30 and 4 = 22,034 (1 Chr 7:7)

17. Examples BBIHebrew Grammar I Slide 8 of 10 lv'_m' ~ypiÞl'a] tv,l{ïv. rBe§d:y>w: And he spoke 3,000 proverbs `@l,a'(w" hV'îmix] Arßyvi yhiîy>w: And his songs were 1,005 (1 Kings 5:12)

18. Examples BBIHebrew Grammar I Slide 9 of 10 ~yIr"+c.miB. Wbßv.y" rv<ïa] laeêr"f.yI ynEåB. ‘bv;AmW And the dwelling of the sons of Israel which they dwelt in Egypt `hn")v' tAaßme [B;îr>a;w> hn"ëv' ~yviäl{v. years 100 and 4 years 30 was 430 years (Ex 12:40)

19. Examples BBIHebrew Grammar I Slide 10 of 10 `~yIt")am'W ~y[iÞb.viw> hv'îl{v. @l,a,ê ‘~yrIf.[,w> ~yIn:Üv. and 200 and 70 3 1000 and 20 2 2 and 20 1000 | 3 and 70 and 200 22 1000 | 3 + 70 + 200 22,273 (Num 3:43)