The Reach of Imperialism

1. The Reach of Imperialism Chapter 12 lESSON 1

2. Objective Students will be able to: 1) Identify the causes of imperialism; 2) Compare and contrast direct and indirect rule in Southeast Asia. Students will know that through new imperialism, Westerners controlled vast territories, exploited native populations, and opened markets for European products.

3. Vocabulary Imperialism: the extension of a nation’s power over other lands Racism: the belief that race determines a person’s traits and capabilities; Protectorate: a political unit that depends on another government for its protection.

4. The New Imperialism Imperial means “empire.” During the 19th century, the age of “new” imperialism began. Western European powers, and to some degree the U.S. and Japan, looked to Africa and Asia to expand their empires. Contrary to earlier forms of imperialism, new imperialist nations sought direct control over vast territories.

5. **Causes of New Imperialism** Economic Motives: - Industrialized states were looking for raw materials for their industries such as cotton, rubber, and minerals. - European states also wanted control over world markets for their manufactured goods. Note: by expanding control over other areas of the world, imperialist states could ensure greater access to raw materials and additional markets for their products.

6. **Causes of New Imperialism** 2. National Prestige: - European states considered the addition of territories to be a way to enhance national prestige. - European states wanted to gain an economic and political advantage over rival nation states.

7. **Causes of New Imperialism** 3. The “White Man’s Burden”: - Europeans felt a moral responsibility to civilize primitive people in Africa and Asia. [To many Europeans, bringing them technology, plus education, medicine, and Christianity, was a noble cause.]

8. Justification of Imperialism **Social Darwinism: some Europeans used Social Darwinism and racists ideas to justify imperialism. They believed that their race was superior and “the fittest” to dominate the world.

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12. Page 228 Read the section on The United States on page 228-229. Partner with the person next to you to list the three reasons why the U.S. wanted to acquire the Philippines.

13. Colonial Takeover in Southeast Asia

14. U.S. Imperialism in Asia Why did the United States want to turn the Philippines into an American colony? • *President McKinley believed it was his moral obligation to civilize other parts of the world he considered uncivilized. • *The United States wanted to keep the Philippines out of Japan’s control. • *The Philippines were strategically placed to help increase American trade with China.

15. Colonial Regimes Some colonial powers allowed local rulers to maintain their authority. Others replaced local rulers with Western administrators who controlled the colonies directly. Indirect rule: a colonial government in which local rulers are allowed to maintain their positions of authority and status. Direct rule: colonial government in which local elites were removed from power and replaced by a new set of officials brought from the colonizing country.

16. Colonial Regimes Western powers governed the new colonial empires by either direct or indirect rule. **Their chief goals were to exploit the natural resources of the lands and to open up markets for their own manufactured goods.**

18. Colonial Economies **Colonial powers did not want economic independence for their colonies, so they stressed the export of raw materials, which led to the development of plantation agriculture where peasants worked as wage laborers on the foreign-owned plantations.** Colonial powers did improve the infrastructure to these countries such as railroads and highways.

19. Group Work Answer: Lesson 1 Review, questions 3, 4, and 5 on page 230.

20. Summary