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The Periodic Table. Dimitri Mendeleev was the Russian scientist who developed the modern Periodic Table The Periodic Table is an arrangement of all elements in order of atomic number. Groups (family). A column in the periodic table Elements have similar properties. Periods.
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The Periodic Table • Dimitri Mendeleev was the Russian scientist who developed the modern Periodic Table • The Periodic Table is an arrangement of all elements in order of atomic number.
Groups (family) • A column in the periodic table • Elements have similar properties
Periods • A row on the periodic table • Elements in the same period have the same number of electron rings
Element • A pure substance made of only 1 kind of atom. • Cannot be broken down into any other substance. • Refer to p 604-605 in textbook
Hydrogen • Composed of a single proton and a single electron, hydrogen is the simplest and most abundant element in the universe • It is estimated that 90% of the visible universe is composed of hydrogen. • Hydrogen is the raw fuel that moststars 'burn' to produce energy.
Properties of Elements • An element’s physical and chemical properties can be predicted by its location on the periodic table.
Physical Properties • Are observed by using the senses and can be determined without destroying the object Color Odor Shape Density Length Mass
Chemical Properties • Indicates how a substance will react with something else • Can be observed only during a chemical change
How Elements Are Represented • Elements are represented by symbols • Symbols start with 1 capital letter and can be followed by 1 or 2 lower caseletters N Uuq Ca
Elements in Air 78% Nitrogen 21% Oxygen 1% other gases
Elements in Living Matter • Hydrogen- most abundant because of water in living things • Oxygen • Carbon
Elements in Land • Oxygen 46% • Silicon 27% • Aluminum 8% • Iron 5% • Other Ca, Na, K, Mg
Elements in the Ocean • Hydrogen (twice as much as oxygen) • Oxygen • Sodium • Chlorine H2O NaCl
Compounds (ref.p.28) • A new substance made when 2 or more different elements chemically combine • The properties of the new substance are different from the original properties • Elements occur in a set ratio represented by a formula
NH3 FORMULA C6H12O6 • Tells the recipe for the molecules in the compound by using symbols and subscripts • The symbol tells the element • The subscript number tells how many of each atom in the molecule. • Molecules come together to make the compound
Find the Compound Below H He Ca FeO
Find the Compounds • Water Iron • Silicon Nitrogen • Oxygen Salt • Carbon Dioxide Sugar
Find the picture of an element.Find the picture of a compound. B A C