Remember structural organization 1.01

1. Remember structural organization1.01

2. 1.01Essential Questions • How is the human body organized? • What are the structural components of the body? • How does the body’s structural organization relate to its support and movement? 1.01 Remember structural organization

3. Organization of the human body:Tissues Composed of: 1.01 Remember structural organization

4. Types of tissues • Epithelial tissue • Connective tissue • Muscle tissue • Nervous tissue 1.01 Remember structural organization

5. Epithelial Tissue protects the body by covering internal and external surfaces, and produces secretions • Skin • covers the outside of the body • lines the inside of the body • Membrane • two thin layers of tissue that join together • cells may secrete a fluid 1.01 Remember structural organization

6. Types of Epithelial tissues SquamousCuboidal Columnar 1.01 Remember structural organization

7. Connective tissue supports and connects organs and tissue • Adipose type of connective tissue that stores fat cells • Cartilage firm, flexible support of the embryonic skeleton and part of the adult skeleton • Tendons white bands of connective tissue attaching skeletal muscle to bone • Ligaments strong, flexible bands of connective tissue that hold bones firmly together at the joints 1.01 Remember structural organization

8. Types of Connective tissue Adipose Fibrocartilage Elastic cartilage 1.01 Remember structural organization

9. Muscle tissue contracts and moves a body part • Cardiac • striated, involuntary • contracts the heart • Skeletal • striated, voluntary • attached to the skeleton • Smooth • nonstriated, involuntary • provides movement in various body systems 1.01 Remember structural organization

10. Types of Muscle Tissue Cardiac Skeletal Smooth 1.01 Remember structural organization

11. Nervous tissue • reacts to stimulation and conducts an impulse Nervous tissue Neuron 1.01 Remember structural organization

12. Organ Systems 1.01 Remember structural organization

13. Skeletal System Gives shape to the body- support,movement, and protection Organs: bones, cartilage, ligaments 1.01 Remember structural organization

14. Muscular System Determines posture, support, produces body heat, protection and movement Organs: skeletal muscles 1.01 Remember structural organization

15. Circulatory System Carries oxygen and nourishment to the cells of the body, pumps blood, maintains blood pressure Organs: heart, blood vessels, blood Click here to hear heartbeat 1.01 Remember structural organization

16. Lymphatic System 1.01 Remember structural organization

17. Respiratory System Transport and exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide Organs: nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, lungs, bronchi, alveoli 1.01 Remember structural organization

18. Digestive System Digests food, absorbs nutrients, secretes digestive enzymes, removes waste products Organs: salivary glands, stomach, pharynx, esophagus, intestine, liver, gallbladder, pancreas 1.01 Remember structural organization

19. Integumentary System regulates body temperature, protects, provides sensation, sense of touch Organs: skin, hair follicles, sweat glands, nails 1.01 Remember structural organization

20. Nervous System Process information, controls voluntary activities, relays information Organs: brain, spinal cord, peripheral nerves 1.01 Remember structural organization

21. Sensory System smell sight hearing taste touch The Tongue The Skin 1.01 Remember structural organization

22. Urinary System (excretory) Forms, concentrates and eliminates urine, regulates chemical composition of blood Organs: kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra 1.01 Remember structural organization

23. Endocrine System Controls all body function, regulates glucose, regulates fluid balance and supports sexual characteristics Organs: pituitary gland, thyroid gland, thymus, parathyroid glands, adrenal glands, pancreas, and gonads. 1.01 Remember structural organization

24. Reproductive System Reproduces human beings Organs: testes, accessory organs, external genitalia Organs: ovaries, uterus, vagina, mammary glands, external genitalia • Male Female 1.01 Remember structural organization

25. Structural organization units 1.01 Remember structural organization

26. Anatomical position Standing erect with face forward, arms at the side, palms forward. 1.01 Remember structural organization

27. Terminology -Anatomy and Physiology Anatomy: The study of the parts of the body Physiology: The function of the body 1.01 Remember structural organization

28. Directional termsrefer to location of a structure or the relative position of a body part to another. Anterior or Ventral: Front or in front of Posterior or Dorsal: Back or in back of 1.01 Remember structural organization

29. Cranial and Caudal -Directional terms Cranial: refers to the head of the body Caudal: refers to the tail or tailbone 1.01 Remember structural organization

30. Superior /inferior- Directional terms Superior: head, top or upper section Inferior: tail, bottom or lower section Superior Inferior 1.01 Remember structural organization

31. Medial/Lateral - Directional terms Medial: toward the midline, middle Lateral: side of the body 1.01 Remember structural organization

32. Proximal/Distal - Directional terms Proximal: refers to nearest to the point of reference Distal: refers to farthest from the point of reference Proximal Distal 1.01 Remember structural organization

33. Superficial/Deep - Directional terms • SUPERFICIAL (EXTERNAL) – near the surface or outside the body • DEEP (INTERNAL) – inside the body 1.01 Remember structural organization

34. Body planes imaginary anatomical dividing planes 1.01 Remember structural organization

35. Sagittal Plane divides the body into right and left parts Midsagittal: divides the body into equal halves 1.01 Remember structural organization

36. Coronal (Frontal) Plane vertical cut, divides the body into anterior and posterior portions. 1.01 Remember structural organization

37. Transverse Plane cross-section, a horizontal cut that divides the body into upper and lower parts 1.01 Remember structural organization

38. Body Cavities spaces within the body that contain and protect organs • Dorsal/posterior • Cranial • Spinal • Ventral/Anterior • Thoracic • Abdominal • Pelvic • Abdomino-pelvic 1.01 Remember structural organization

39. Dorsal/Ventral Cavity • Dorsal Cavity: contains the brain and spinal cord • cranial cavity: containsthe brain • spinal cavity: containsthe spinal cord. • Anterior or Ventral Cavity: contains the Thoracic and Abdominopelvic cavities. 1.01 Remember structural organization

40. Thoracic/abdominal/pelvic Thoracic cavity: contains the lungs, heart, bronchi, trachea, esophagus and thymus gland Abdominal Cavity: contains stomach,spleen,intestines,liver, gallbladder, appendix and pancreas Pelvic Cavity: contains the urinary bladder,rectumand reproductive organs. 1.01 Remember structural organization

41. Abdominal Quadrants four subdivisions used to reference abdominal organs 1.01 Remember structural organization

42. Abdominal Regions subdivisions of the combined abdominal and pelvic cavity The Iliac region may be referred to as the inguinal region 1.01 Remember structural organization

43. Abdominal Regions • Epigastric:the area just below the sternum (breastbone) • Umibilical:the area around the navel or umbilicus • Hypogastric:the area below the stomach, the pubic area • Hypochondriac: the area below the ribs • Iliac:the area to the right and left of the pubic area; also known as the inguinal area • Lumbar:the area on each side of the umbilicus; extends from anterior to posterior 1.01 Remember structural organization