Vocational Education and Training in BiH 11 March 2004 Thessalonica

1. Vocational Education and Training in BiH11 March 2004Thessalonica

2. 2 001 008 BOSANSKA DUBICA 016 BUZIM 007 ODZAK 017 010 ORASJE 020 012 BOSANSKI BROD 021 022 BOSANSKA GRADISCA 002 002 018 SRBAC 004 009 CAZIN 014 024 023 PRIJEDOR PRIJEDOR 006 011 MODRICA DERVENTA PRNJAVOR BRCKO BIHAC LAKTASI GRADACAC BOSANSKA KRUPA BOSANSKA KRUPA 028 BIJELJINA 013 038 025 027 003 003 033 029 DOBOJ 1 037 GRACANICA 049 032 035 036 034 044 CELIC 056 SREBRENIK CELINAC 052 054 UGLJEVIK 039 045 LOPARE 030 3 TESANJ 074 059 KOTOR VAROS TUZLA TESLIC BOSANSKI PETROVAC 055 050 082 070 MAGLAJ 042 LUKAVAC 068 047 031 KALESIJA 080 061 083 Republika ZIVINICE ZIVINICE ZVORNIK 077 075 BANOVICI 081 KLJUC 079 079 058 078 078 067 ZEPCE 057 Srpska 065 ZAVIDOVICI 064 DRVAR JAJCE 091 SEKOVICI 093 098 066 101 TRAVNIK BRATUNAC KLADANJ KAKANJ ZENICA SIPOVO 104 BOSANSKO GRAHOVO VARES 088 094 DONJI VLASENICA 096 103 VAKUF 4 084 112 NOVI 089 095 095 TRAVNIK OLOVO 085 VITEZ SREBRENICA 113 HAN PIJESAK 108 111 118 109 GLAMOC BUSOVACA 105 123 ILIJAS 116 117 SOKOLAC BUGOJNO BREZA 115 107 VISOKO 137 FOJNICA 135 121 10 110 114 KISELJAK KUPRES 136 146 GORNJI VAKUF 133 131 138 139 129 ROGATICA 106 ILIDZA 147 KRESEVO 140 144 125 125 LIVNO 132 130 VISEGRAD PALE 143 PROZOR Cantons HADZICI 5 167 141 124 170 142 126 KONJIC 165 RUDO JABLANICA TOMISLAVGRAD 127 7 151 FOCA 152 163 166 SIROKI 153 KALINOVIK BRIJEG 154 149 8 155 158 150 GRUDE 156 161 157 172 171 NEVESINJE 164 CITLUK LJUBUSKI GACKO 176 CAPLJINA 177 STOLAC 173 179 180 174 LJUBINJE BILECA NEUM 182 TREBINJE BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA KOSTAJNICA 184 VELIKA KLADUSA 005 BOSANSKI NOVI/ 027 BOSANSKI NOVI GRAD SAMAC 026 026 BANJA LUKA RAHIC/ RAVNE 183 SANSKI MOST 073 072 SKENDER VAKUF MRKONJIC GRAD 6 060 063 MILICI 185 087 9 1 - Unsko - Sanski Canton 168 169 CAJNICE 2 - Posavina Canton 148 3 - Tuzla Canton POSUSJE MOSTAR 4 - Zenica - Doboj Canton 5 - Bosnian - Podrinje Canton - Gorazde 6 - Central Bosnian Canton 7 - Herzegovina - Neretva Canton - Zupanija 8 - Western - Herzegovina Canton 9 - Sarajevo Canton 10 Canton 10 178 CANTONS & 181 RAVNO MUNICIPALITIES

3. EU Assistance in VET in BiH • Background information • Assistance in past period • Current support • Lessons learnt/Future plans

4. General information Education starts in the age of 6-7 years Primary education lasts 8 years (ongoing activity is to shift to 9-year education – to start one year earlier) Secondary - starts at age 14-15 – 73% enrolment • general education – 20% of secondary level • grammar school lasts 4 years – leads to university vocational education

5. General information Vocational education • 3-year vocational education and training leads to employment • 4-year technical education – leads to university or employment

6. Background information • fragmentation of the system (competences of 12 Ministries of Education, fragmentation on ethnic basis) • slow economic recovery • lack of modern VET legislation • lack of CVT policy design

7. Financial situation • insufficient financial resources • lack of support of economic sector • lack of modern equipment • low teacher/student ratio in VET schools • schools teaching variety of different occupations for small number of students

8. VET school system outdated • heritage of pre-war system - prescribed curricula • high number of narrow occupations • high number of three - year schools compared with number of four year schools • limited horizontal and vertical mobility of three year graduates • obsolete methods of teaching

9. Labour market • unemployment rate 40% • informal sector/grey economy extensive • social dialogue between education system, labour market and SMEs lacking • education system not meeting needs of labour market • obsolete working methods • surveys lacking

10. EU assistance in the VET sector • VET for demobilised soldiers – 18 months 1.3 MEURO • VET 1998 – 3 years 3.5 MEURO • VET ‘Bridging’ Programme - 9 months 0.57 MEURO • VET CARDS Programme – 27 months 2.4 MEURO

11. Outcome of previous assistance • Dialogue between authorities in education sector established • Critical mass of relevant stakeholder reached • Green Paper, White Paper developed • Curriculum development • Training of teachers, mentor training • Labour market analysis • Tripartite cooperation established • Rationalisation of occupations • Adult training modules developed • Framework law draft

12. Future involvement • CARDS 2002- 2005 Country Strategy Paper Support to Vocational Education and Training System Reform Consolidation – CARDS 2004 • Budget 2.2 MEURO

13. Issues to be addressed • Fragmentation of the institutional, legal and financial framework of the education and training sector, with a lack of a common educational area and comprehensive information and data; • Limited co-ordination and co-operation with the labour market, including social partners; • Limited local institutional capacity for VET/labour market reforms; • Need for further development of the VET system with particular reference to modern, broad-based, flexible and high-quality VET; • Lack of CVT policy design and pursuit to fit the local needs

14. Lessons Learnt and Next Steps • Commitment of Ministers to implement reform should be sought in early stage • Bottom up approach if not combined with policy development activities lasts long and is rather expensive • Lobbying for involvement of more donors to invest in VET • Involvement of local stakeholders in project preparation needed

15. Lessons Learnt and Next Steps • Establishment/strengthening of social dialogue should be part of VET reform • IVET should be seen in LLL context • Vertical and horizontal mobility of students should be addressed in early stage of the reform • Increase of general knowledge of VET students should be part of the reform • Cost of the existing system and reform should be calculated in context of overall cost of education • Tertiary education of 3-year graduates should exist