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Summary of the scientific results achieved by APICE project Salvatore Patti 1 , Alexander Armengaud 2 , John G. Bartzis 3 , Nicolas Marchand 4 , Jorge Pey 5 , Anastasia Poupkou 6 , Paolo Prati 7 A.De Bortoli 1 , S.DeVettori 1 , G.Giraldo 1 , E.Elvini 1 ,G.Formenton 1 ,
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Summary of the scientific results achieved by APICE project Salvatore Patti1, Alexander Armengaud2, John G. Bartzis3,Nicolas Marchand4, Jorge Pey5, Anastasia Poupkou6, Paolo Prati7 A.De Bortoli1, S.DeVettori1, G.Giraldo1, E.Elvini1,G.Formenton1, A.Latella1, F.Liguori1, S.Pillon1, L.Susanetti1, E.Tarabotti1, D.Piga2, A.Detournay4, D.Salameh4, K.F.Filiou3, D.Saraga3, E.I.Tolis3 N.Perez5, X.Querol5, N.Liora 6, K.Markakis 6, T.Giannaros 6, D.Melas6, C.Bove7, P.Brotto7, F.Cassola7, E.Cuccia7 1ARPA Veneto - Regional Air Observatory, Venice, Italy, 2AirPACA, Marseille, France 3University of Western Macedonia, Dept of Mechanical Engineering, Env. Techn., Lab., Kozani, Greece 4Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, Laboratoire Chimie Environnement,, Marseille, France 5Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research –CSIC, Barcelona, Spain 6Aristotle University of Thessaloniki-Lab. of Atmospheric Physics, Thessaloniki, Greece 7University of Genoa & INFN, Dept. of Physics , Genoa, Italy
Common Mediterranean strategy and local practical Actions for the mitigation of Port, Industries and Cities Emissions Intersectorial approach Double-helix modelof the partnership Budget: 2.281.400,00 € Project timetable: June 2010- February 2013 APICE final Conference Venice, 8 November 2012 2
’s contents The focus Reduction of air pollution in port cities, selecting the most effective policies in terms of cost/benefits balance Specific objectives Pinpointing the relative contribution to air quality of pollution sources in the 5 project harbour areas (focus on PM10 & PM2.5) 2. Strengthen the governance capacity to arbitratebetween conflicting socio-economic & environmental interests by including the air pollution analysis and trend scenarios within the already existing Sectorial Plans 3. Facilitate and promotevoluntary agreementsbetween local administration, port authorities, ship owners and cargos’ handlers to reduce air pollution caused by on-berth vessels (“green ports” approach) APICE final Conference Venice, 8 November 2012 3
http://www.apice-project.eu Results section APICE final Conference Venice, 8 November 2012
PM10 emissions pie diagrams Genoa 36x19km2 Resolution: 1km x 1km Reference year: 2005 Barcelona 100x100km2, Resolution: 50km x 50km, Reference year: 2008 Local Emission inventories Thessaloniki 100x100km2, Resolution: 2km x 2 km Reference year: 2008 Marseille 100x100km2 Resolution: 1km x 1km Reference year: 2007 Venice 100x100km2 Resolution: 4km x 4km Reference year: 2008 APICE final Conference Venice, 8 November 2012
Socio economic indicators Intercomparison of the 5 cities WP3.3 socio-economic trends 6
Intercomparison sampling in Marseille 25th January – 2nd March 2011 APICE final Conference Venice, 8 November 2012 7
Long monitoring campaign in Barcelona • PM10, PM2.5, PM1, NOx, SO2, H2S, Meteo real time measurements • PM10 & PM2.5 sampling using high-vol instruments (2 samples of each fraction per week) • Chemical characterization of samples • -ICP-AES (Al, Fe, Ca, K, Na, Mg, S, P) • - ICP-MS (Li, Be, Ti, Mn, Co, Cu, Zn, Ni, V, Sn, Sb, Cd, Pb, Bi, Th, U, Mo, Sr, Rb, Cr, As, Se, Ge, Ga, Zr, Hf, Ta, Tl, Rare earths, etc) • - Ionic chromatography (SO42-, NO3-, Cl-). Electrode for NH4+ • - OC and EC by Sunset
Long monitoring campaign in Marseille Harbor/indus. environment Urban background environment Sampling site (same of IC campaign) ~ 40 km Marseille West Harbour + indus. Area East Harbour • Sampling strategy : • PM10 and PM2.5 (dichotomous sampler) • 1 year at urban background + 6 months in each Harbor/indus site • one sample / week (52x 2 sites x 2 size ranges = 208 samples) • Analytical and SA strategies : • OC/EC, major ions, organic markers, metals/elements • CMB and PMF
Long monitoring campaign in Genoa All samples: gravimetric + metals (ED-XRF) +EC/OC (Sunset) + Ions (chromatography). PMF analysis Site3: Genoa Bolzaneto Urban Background Site2: Genoa Multedo Urban Background Site1: Genoa city Urban Background
Long monitoring campaign in Venice Ions Na, Cl, K, SO4, NO3, NH4, Mg, Ca Heavy Metals As, Ni, Pb, Cd, V, Cu, Zn, Al, Mn, Cr, Co, Sb, Sn, Tl, Fe SVOC PAHs, Alkanes, hopanes, steranes UB Urban Background (Parco Bissuola) IB Industrial Background (Malcontenta) HA Harbour Area (Venice downtown, Giudecca island) 11
Long monitoring campaign in Thessaloniki PORT CITY HALL APICE final Conference Venice, 8 November 2012
Long monitoring campaign outcomes APICE final Conference Venice, 8 November 2012
Source Apportionment by Chemical Transport Models APICE final Conference Venice, 8 November 2012
Source Apportionment by receptor models APICE final Conference Venice, 8 November 2012c
Identification of risk activity 2011 ship emissions by ship categories and navigation phases
Scenarios analysis Present time scenarios (base case run 2011) Future development scenarios (base future run) (BCN 2015; Ve, Th, Ge: 2020; Ms 2025) Future mitigation scenarios (future run + emissions mitigations) • Cold ironing for cruise ships or Ro-pax vessels • 0.1% for sulfur content in fuels to be used also in manouvering phase • Scrubbers to be used in hotelling or manouvering phase • Use of LNG fuel • Displacement in different areas of harbour terminals • Chemical wetting agents to control the storage pile emissions APICE final Conference Venice, 8 November 2012 17
Model application and scenarios for port cities sustainable development strategies APICE final Conference Venice, 8 November 2012 18
Special thanks for the scientific coordination to: John G. Bartzis3,Nicolas Marchand4, Jorge Pey5, Anastasia Poupkou6, Paolo Prati7 3University of Western Macedonia, Dept of Mechanical Engineering, Env. Techn., Lab., Kozani, Greece 4Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, Laboratoire Chimie Environnement,, Marseille, France 5Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research –CSIC, Barcelona, Spain 6Aristotle University of Thessaloniki-Lab. of Atmospheric Physics, Thessaloniki, Greece 7University of Genoa & INFN, Dept. of Physics , Genoa, Italy