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Cell Structure & Function

Cell Structure & Function. Outcome addressed today!!. 304-4 illustrate and explain that the cell is a living system that exhibits all of the characteristic of life. Cell Theory. All living things are made up of cells. 1) Cells are the smallest working units of all living things.

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Cell Structure & Function

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  1. Cell Structure & Function

  2. Outcome addressed today!! • 304-4 illustrate and explain that the cell is a living system that exhibits all of the characteristic of life.

  3. Cell Theory • All living things are made up of cells. 1) Cells are the smallest working units of all living things. 2) All cells come from preexisting cells through cell division.

  4. Definition of Cell A cell is the smallest unit that is capable of performing life functions.

  5. WHAT IS AN ORGANISM? • a living thing that has (or can develop) the ability to act or function independently • An individual living system, such as animal, plant or micro-organism, that is capable of reproduction, growth and maintenance.

  6. Examples of Cells Amoeba Proteus Plant Stem Bacteria Red Blood Cell Nerve Cell

  7. Plant Animal

  8. “Typical” Animal Cell

  9. “Typical” Plant Cell

  10. Cell Parts Organelles

  11. Surrounding the Cell

  12. Cell Membrane • Outer membrane of cell that controls movement of materials in and out of the cell • Double layer

  13. Cell Wall • Found in plant cells & bacteria • Supports cells (outer layer) • Protects against water loss

  14. Inside the Cell

  15. Nucleus • Directs cell activities • Near the center of the cell • Contains genetic material - DNA

  16. Nuclear Membrane • Surrounds nucleus • Made of two layers • Openings allow material to enter and leave nucleus

  17. Chromosomes • In nucleus • Contain genetic information (characteristics) • Made of DNA

  18. Nucleolus • Inside nucleus • Contains RNA to build proteins

  19. Cytoplasm • Gel-like mixture • Surrounded by cell membrane • Holds all the organelles

  20. Endoplasmic Reticulum • Moves materials and messages around the cell • Smooth type: lacks ribosomes • Rough type (pictured): ribosomes embedded in surface

  21. Ribosomes 803 • Each cell contains thousands • Make proteins • Found on rough endoplasmic reticulum & floating throughout the cell

  22. Mitochondria • Produces energy (power house of the cell) • Controls level of water and other materials in cell

  23. Golgi Bodies 802 • Protein 'packaging plant‘ and secretes (gets rid of waste) • Move materials out of the cell

  24. Lysosome • Contains digestive enzymes • Transports undigested material to cell membrane for removal • Destorys bacteria and old cell parts

  25. Vacuoles • Membrane-bound sacs for storage of water and waste • Help plants maintain shape

  26. Chloroplast • Found in plant cells • Contains green chlorophyll • Traps suns energy and makes food

  27. Cell Parts and Functions Cilia Short hair-like projections Used for movement Location: outside of cell Flagella Long whip-like tail Used for movement Location: outside of cell

  28. Plant vs. Animal Cell http://www.cellsalive.com/

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