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Cooking System Design Project

Cooking System Design Project. By Kelvin Shi, Rob Quin, Andreas Linuwih, Halida Widyastuti. Indoor Air Pollution: An Introduction. Indoor smoke causes: Acute respiratory infections ear and eye problems Breathlessness chest pains Headaches 1.5 to 2 million deaths from IAP in 2000.

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Cooking System Design Project

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  1. Cooking System Design Project By Kelvin Shi, Rob Quin, Andreas Linuwih, Halida Widyastuti

  2. Indoor Air Pollution: An Introduction • Indoor smoke causes: • Acute respiratory infections • ear and eye problems • Breathlessness • chest pains • Headaches • 1.5 to 2 million deaths from IAP in 2000

  3. Problem Statement • Purpose – to create a cooking device to reduce indoor air pollution

  4. Assumptions • Indoor air pollution • That Kenyans care

  5. Constraints • Manufacturers • People’s income

  6. Goals • Sanitation • Efficiency • Lifespan • Sustainability • Social Entrepreneurship

  7. Mission Statement Product Statement: A fuel efficient cooking stove that would reduce Indoor Air pollution and generate a business for CYEC. Key Business Goals: • Introduce product by December 2010 • 10% of the stove market in Nyeri by December 2010 • 15% gross margin • Begin developing similar products in other parts of Kenya Primary market • Poor marginalized community of Nyeri, Kenya. Secondary market • Other developing countries with smoke inhalation issues.

  8. Mission Statement (Continued) Assumptions • Concerns for the detrimental effects of smoke inhalation.   Stakeholders: • Shell Oil • Envirofit • ApproTec • CYEC • Supply chain personnel • Marketing • Sales • Transport • Disposal

  9. Risks • Expensive alternatives • Probability of occurrence • Impact • Anti-risk strategy • Current stoves in Kenya

  10. Problem Definition • Assessment: • Poverty • Transportation • Education • People will pay very little

  11. Social Issues and How They Impact Technical Design Options • Cultural Issues • Corruption • Education • Economics

  12. Cultural Issues • High crime rate • Confidence crimes • Scams • Pick-pocketing • Bag-Snatching • Muggings • Robberies • Terrorist attacks

  13. Corruption • Bribes • Key factor- Tribalism • Presidents • Jomo Kenyatta • Daniel arapMoi • MwaiKibaki • Goldenberg Scandal • Export scam • Rob public funds • KamleshPattni

  14. Education • Starts at age 6 • Grade school – 8 years – free • High school – 4 years – not free • College – 4 years – not free

  15. Economics • Most Kenyans are satisfied with the Jiko • It is cheap • It lasts long • Since the primary concern of Kenyans is price, an alternative cooker would have to be under $4

  16. Technical Issues –Various Technologies • Jiko • Envirofit • Terracotta One Pot ICS • Oil Stove • Solar Cooker • Anaerobic Digester

  17. Jiko • Very popular in Kenya • Reduce fuel by 30-50% • Reduce the emission combustion • $4 U.S.

  18. Envirofit • Very effective at reducing emissions • Should last 5 years, though comes with a warranty • Costs $25 U.S.

  19. Terracotta One Pot ICS • Uses little wood • Made of clay bricks, which are readily available • Takes little time to clean • Costs $2.50 U.S.

  20. Oil Stove • Soot free • Smoke free • Smell free • No nearby manufacturers • Costs $40 U.S.

  21. Solar Cooker • Smoke free • Requires no fuel • Easy to transport • Office in Nairobi, Kenya • $25 U.S. for the panel (stove sold separately)

  22. Anaerobic Digester • Odorless • Simple to use • Would require a biogas plant, though biogas is readily available in Kenya

  23. Concept Screening

  24. Concept Evaluations

  25. Final Product • Improved Jiko • This stove is made of clay (as insulated chamber). • The chamber is made of sheet metal. • Costs about $7 to make

  26. Note: All units in cm Note: All units in cm

  27. Engineering analysis • Air enters from below the fire position and improves combustion. • The small, elongated burning chamber increases the temperature. • Metal conducts heat faster (more efficient combustion). • Insulating clay is to absorb the heat, to keep the temperature of stove at constant, and to maintain a more even heat throughout the Chamber, resulting in more complete combustion. • The narrow space between pot and outside shield increases heat transmission to the pot and decrease the chance of the heat to dissipate to the surrounding.

  28. Summary and Conclusions • The improved Jiko: • Has a price comparable to the Jiko • More durable • Less fuel • Cooks faster • Material availability • Cheap; profitable for CYEC • Solves Indoor Air Pollution

  29. References • Emily Sonestedt, Ulrika Ericson, Bo Gullberg, Kerstin Skog, Håkan Olsson, ElisabetWirfält (2008). "Do both heterocyclic amines and omega-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids contribute to the incidence of breast cancer in postmenopausal women of the Malmö diet and cancer cohort?". The International Journal of Cancer (UICC International Union Against Cancer) 123 (7): 1637–1643. doi:10.1002/ijc.23394. PMID10970215. http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/120780752/abstract. Retrieved 2008-11-30.  • Yong Q. Chen, at al (2007). "Modulation of prostate cancer genetic risk by omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids". The Journal of Clinical Investigation117 (7): 1866. doi:10.1172/JCI31494. PMID1890998. http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=1890998. Retrieved 2008-11-30.  • Valeria Pala, Vittorio Krogh, Paola Muti, VéroniqueChajès, ElioRiboli, Andrea Micheli, MitraSaadatian, Sabina Sieri, Franco Berrino (18 Jul 2001). "Erythrocyte Membrane Fatty Acids and Subsequent Breast Cancer: a Prospective Italian Study". JNCL93 (14): 1088. PMID11459870. http://jnci.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/93/14/1088. Retrieved 2008-11-30. • Black, Michael J.; J. Derek Bewley, Peter Hunter (2006). The Encyclopedia of Seeds - Science, Technology and Uses. CAB International. http://books.google.com/books?id=aE414KuXu4gC&pg=PA143&ei=qDFWSv7iO4bYlATN6filBw. Retrieved 09-July-2009. "The embryo is that part of the seed which germinates and grows into the vegatative plant. In cereal grains, embryos (germs)..." • Tophé Rice Bran Oil Company. "Rice Bran Oil Benefits". http://www.honestfoods.com/topgriloil.html. Retrieved 2007-08-27 • Jeanie Lerche Davis (June 7, 2002). "Vegetable Oil Helps Reduce Cholesterol". WebMD. http://www.webmd.com/content/article/36/1809_51716.htm. Retrieved 2006-10-09. •  University of Rochester Medical Center (May 12, 2005). "Can Rice Bran Oil Melt Away Cholesterol?". Science Daily. http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2005/05/050512110703.htm. Retrieved 2006-10-09. • Rosenbaum, Michael. "The Ethanol Solution." CBS News. CBS News, 7 Mar. 2006. Web. 4 Nov. 2009. <http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2006/05/04/60minutes/main1588659.shtml>.

  30. References (continued) • "About Ethanol." Clean Burn Fuels. Web. 3 Nov. 2009. <http://cleanburnfuels.com/what_is_ethanol.html>. • Brain, Marshall. "What Does Octane Mean?" How Stuff Works. Web. 4 Nov. 2009. <http://auto.howstuffworks.com/fuel-efficiency/fuel-consumption/question90.htm>. • Venkatasubramanian, Anandram, KarthikJayasankaran, Ramakrishnan Subramanian, and Saravanan S. "Effect of Refining Rice Bran Oil in Its Performance and Emission Characteristics as a Fuel in D.I. Diesel Engine." SAE International. Oct. 2006. Web. 5 Nov. 2009. <http://www.sae.org/technical/papers/2006-01-3366>. • http://www.oikoumene.org/en/member-churches/regions/africa/kenya.html • http://runningtimes.com/Article.aspx?ArticleID=3955 • http://www.benson.com.au/default.asp?contentID=642 • http://www.planetware.com/kenya/nyeri-ken-ctrl-nyeri.htm • http://www.solarovens.org/news/solar-oven-society-hopes-to-make-a-difference.html • http://travel.state.gov/travel/cis_pa_tw/cis/cis_1151.html • http://www.africa.upenn.edu/NEH/khome.htm • http://www.iss.co.za/AF/profiles/kenya/NatRes.html • http://www.solarcookers.org/index.html • http://www.solarcookers.org/basics/water.html • http://www.solarcookers.org/basics/why.html • http://65.108.108.197/catalog/cookit-p-44.html?osCsid=bbb20ea1e5b7503409d175ade3482149

  31. References (continued) • http://www.wisegeek.com/how-much-energy-does-the-sun-generate.htm • http://gcep.stanford.edu/research/exergycharts.html • http://solarcooking.wikia.com/wiki/Solar_Grill • http://www.idcook.com/index.php?gclid=CJzJoJDR8p0CFU1M5Qod71VJyQ • http://www.idcook.com/index.php?gclid=CJzJoJDR8p0CFU1M5Qod71VJyQ • http://www.babble.com/CS/blogs/strollerderby/Dollar%20Sign%203.jpg • http://www.iconarchive.com/icons/aha-soft/standard-city/coal-power-plant-icon-256.png • http://steveisready.com/wp-content/uploads/2009/07/family-plan-cartoon-293x300.jpg • http://voiceofcanada.files.wordpress.com/2006/10/question-mark_cartoon.jpeg • http://www.shannonburns.com/Toon711+.gif • http://www.nationsonline.org/bilder/third_world_map.jpg • http://www.abcsofwebsitesuccess.com/files/680603/uploaded/RiskSharpEdgesSign.jpg • http://hawaii.gov/ag/hitec/images/jpeg/electronics.jpg • http://www.bioenergylists.org/files/images/TOP.jpg • http://www.rise.org.au/info/Tech/biomass/image022.jpg • http://www.crunchgear.com/wp-content/photos/corruption.jpg • http://static.howstuffworks.com/gif/pickpocket-intro.jpg • http://assets.nydailynews.com/img/2008/09/21/gal_pakistan_blast1.jpg • http://weblogs.baltimoresun.com/business/consuminginterests/blog/education.jpg • http://openlearn.open.ac.uk/file.php/2509/D218_1_I002i.jpg

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