COUNTRIES THROUGH ART WORKS

1. COUNTRIES THROUGH ART WORKS ART AND HISTORY OF ART REPRESENTING TIME AND PLACE 2007 - 2009 Part X.

2. TIME LINE New Age and 20th Century Prehistoric and Ancient Times Middle Ages

3. Spain through art works Spain through art works

4. Prehistoric and Ancient Times Cave of Altamira Altamira is a cave in Spain famous for its Upper Paleolithiccave paintings featuring drawings and polychrome rock paintings of wild mammals and human hands It is located near the town of Santillana del Mar in Cantabria, Spain, 30 km west of the city of Santander.

5. The cave with its paintings has been declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO. The cave is 296 meters long, and consists of a series of twisting passages and chambers. The artists used charcoal and ochre or haematite to create the images, often scratching or diluting these dyes to produce variances in intensity and creating an impression of chiaroscuro.

6. They also exploited the natural contours in the cave walls to give a three-dimensional effect to their subjects. The Polychrome Ceiling is the most impressive feature showing a herd of bison in different poses, two horses, a large doe and a possible wild boar. Several painters were influenced by the Altamira cave paintings. After a visit, Picasso famously exclaimed "after Altamira, all is decadence".

8. Prehistoric and Ancient Times Aqueduct of Segovia The Aqueduct of Segovia (or more precisely, the aqueduct bridge) is one of the most significant and best-preserved monuments left by the Romans on the Iberian Peninsula. The aqueduct transports waters from Fuente Fría river, situated in the nearby mountains some 17 kilometers (10.6 miles) from the city in a region known as La Acebeda

9. It runs another 15 kilometers (9.3 miles) before arriving in the city. The first section of the aqueduct contains 36 pointed arches, rebuilt in the 15th Century to restore a portion destroyed by Moors in 1072. The aqueduct is built of unmortared, brick-like granite blocks.

12. Prehistoric and Ancient Times The Giralda The Giralda is the bell tower of the Cathedral of Seville in Seville, Spain, one of the largest churches in the world and an outstanding example of the Gothic and Baroque architectural styles. The tower, a minaret from the Almohad period of Seville, is constructed in several distinct parts, the lower two thirds being almohad architecture, and the upper third spanish renaissance architecture.

13. The copper sphere that originally topped the tower fell in an earthquake in 1365. Christians replaced the sphere with a cross and bell. Nowadays the tower is topped with an statue stands 4 m (13 feet) in height (7 m (23 ft) with the pedestal) and has crowned the top of the tower since its installation in 1568.

16. Prehistoric and Ancient Times The Torre del Oro The Torre del Oro (Spanish for "Gold Tower") is a dodecagonal military watchtower built in Seville, Spain during the Almohad dynasty in order to control access to Seville via the Guadalquivir river. Constructed in the first third of the 13th century, the tower served as a prison during the Middle Ages and as a secure enclosure for the protection of precious metals periodically brought by the fleet of the Indies, another possible origin for the tower's name.

17. The tower is divided into three levels, with the third and uppermost being circular in shape and added in 1760. It is one of two anchor points for a large chain that would have been able to block the river. Today the tower, having been restored, is a naval museum, containing engravings, letters, models, instruments, and historic documents.

20. Middle Ages Las Meninas Las Meninas (Spanish for The Maids of Honour)[1] is a 1656 painting by Diego Velázquez, the leading artist of the Spanish Golden Age, in the Museo del Prado in Madrid. Las Meninas shows a large room in the Madrid palace of King Philip IV of Spain, and presents several figures, most identifiable from the Spanish court, captured, according to some commentators, in a particular moment as if in a snapshot.[

21. The young Infanta Margarita is surrounded by her entourage of maids of honour, chaperone, bodyguard, two dwarfs and a dog. Just behind them, Velázquez portrays himself working at a large canvas. A mirror hangs in the background and reflects the upper bodies of the king and queen. Las Meninas is set in Velázquez's studio in Philip IV's Alcázar palace in Madrid. The painted surface is divided into quarters horizontally and sevenths vertically; this grid is used to organise the elaborate grouping of characters, and was a common device at the time.

22. Middle Ages Diego Velázquez Diego Rodríguez de Silva y Velázquez (June 6, 1599 – August 6, 1660) was a Spanishpainter who was the leading artist in the court of King Philip IV. Born in Seville, Andalusia, Spain early on June 6, 1599, he showed an early gift for art; consequently, he began to study under Francisco de Herrera, a vigorous painter who disregarded the Italian influence of the early Seville school. Velázquez remained with him for one year. It was probably from Herrera that he learned to use brushes with long bristles.

23. He was an individualistic artist of the contemporary baroque period, important as a portrait artist. In addition to numerous renditions of scenes of historical and cultural significance, he painted scores of portraits of the Spanish royal family, other notable European figures, and commoners, culminating in the production of his masterpiece Las Meninas (1656). From the first quarter of the nineteenth century, Velázquez's artwork was a model for the realist and impressionist painters, in particular Édouard Manet.

24. Since that time, more modern artists, including Spain's Pablo Picasso and Salvador Dalí, as well as the Anglo-Irish painter Francis Bacon, have paid tribute to Velázquez by recreating several of his most famous works.

28. New age and 20th century El Guernica Guernica is a painting by Pablo Picasso, depicting the bombing of Guernica, Spain, by twenty-eight German bombers, on April 26, 1937 during the Spanish Civil War. The Spanish Republican government commissioned Pablo Picasso to create a large mural for the Spanish display at the Exposition Internationale des Arts et Techniques dans la Vie Moderne (1937) Paris International Exposition in the 1937 World's Fair in Paris.

29. Guernica shows the tragedies of war and the suffering it inflicts upon individuals, particularly innocent civilians. This work has gained a monumental status, becoming a perpetual reminder of the tragedies of war, an anti-war symbol, and an embodiment of peace. Guernica is navy blue, black and white, 3.5 metre (11 ft) tall and 7.8 metre (25.6 ft) wide, a mural-size canvas painted in oil.

30. Picasso's purpose in painting it, was to bring to the world's attention the bombing of the Basque town of Guernica by German bombers, who were supporting the Nationalist forces of General Franco during the Spanish Civil War.

31. This painting can be seen in the Museo Reina Sofía in Madrid. Guernica shows suffering people, animals, and buildings wrenched by violence and chaos. On completion Guernica was displayed around the world in a brief tour, becoming famous and widely acclaimed. This tour helped bring the Spanish civil war to the world's attention. A tapestry copy of Picasso's Guernica is displayed on the wall of the United Nations building in New York City, at the entrance to the Security Council room.

34. New age and 20th century Pablo Ruíz Picasso Pablo Diego José Francisco de Paula Juan Nepomuceno María de los Remedios Cipriano de la Santísima Trinidad Ruiz y Picasso (25 October 1881 – 8 April 1973) was a Spanishpainter, draughtsman, and sculptor. He was Born in the city of Málaga in the Andalusian region of Spain. Picasso showed a passion and a skill for drawing from an early age; according to his mother, his first words were “piz, piz”, a shortening of lápiz, the Spanish word for ‘pencil’.

35. Picasso showed a passion and a skill for drawing from an early age; according to his mother, his first words were “piz, piz”, a shortening of lápiz, the Spanish word for ‘pencil’.

36. As one of the most recognized figures in 20th-century art, he is best known for co-founding the Cubist movement and for the wide variety of styles embodied in his work. After studying art in Madrid, Picasso made his first trip to Paris in 1900, then the art capital of Europe. Among his most famous works are the proto-Cubist Les Demoiselles d'Avignon (1907) and Guernica (1937), his depiction of the German bombing of Guernica during the Spanish Civil War.

38. Developing the project Line time division in our school • Prehistoric and Ancient Times  nursery school • Middle Ages  primary school • New Age and 20th century  secondary school

39. Developing the project Preparation Visiting museums with students. Explanations by history teachers about the different historical periods. Explanations by art teachers about the different art works. Coordination with those teachers.