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Matter and Change

Matter and Change. Describing Matter. Properties of Matter. Extensive properties- dependent on the amount of matter present in a sample ex mass, volume, length Intensive properties- dependent on the type of material, not the amount ex hardness, boiling point/melting point, density.

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Matter and Change

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  1. Matter and Change Describing Matter

  2. Properties of Matter • Extensive properties- dependent on the amount of matter present in a sample ex mass, volume, length • Intensive properties- dependent on the type of material, not the amount ex hardness, boiling point/melting point, density

  3. Classifying Matter • Substance- matter that has uniform and definite composition • Physical property- can be observed and measured in and of itself. Does not need to interact with another substance ex: color, hardness, conductivity, malleability • Chemical property- determined by its interaction with other substances ex: corrosive, combustible, flammable, reactive

  4. States of Matter • Solid- definite shape and volume. Particles tightly packed together and, incompressible • Liquids- Definite volume, but take shape of container. Particles close together, almost incompressible • Gases- no definite shape or volume. Particles spaced far apart, and therefore very compressible

  5. Changes in Matter • Physical change- some properties are changed, but the composition is not. What you begin with is what you end with. Phase changes are physical changes. • Chemical change- the composition is always changed. This occurs in a chemical reaction. You start with the reactants and end with the products. The reactants are very different from the products.

  6. Indicators of Chemical change • Transfer of energy • Change in color • Productions of a gas • Production of a precipitate. Precipitate is a solid that forms and settle out of a liquid mixture • Law of Conservation of Mass- mass is conserved in changes of matter

  7. Mixtures • Mixture- a physical blended of two or more components • Homogeneous- composition is uniform ex Kool Aid, window cleaner, detergents, air. Also called solutions • Heterogeneous- Not uniform in composition. Italian dressing, soil, wood

  8. Separating Mixtures • Filtration- solids from liquids using a filter • Distillation- liquids separate based on the boiling points • Physical means- using your hands, magnets, etc to separate

  9. Elements and Compounds • Element- simplest form of matter. 92 naturally occurring. Can be found on the periodic table of elements. • Compound- two or more elements chemically combined in a definite proportion. Can be expressed with chemical formula. H2O- two hydrogens, one oxygen

  10. Matter Flow Chart

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