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Chemical Battalion & NBC Doctrine Overview

This overview outlines the mission, task organization, battlefield geometry, platoon capabilities, planning considerations, support requirements, issues, and NBC warning & reporting system of the 2d Chemical Battalion. Includes details on NBC reconnaissance, smoke assets, and decontamination missions.

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Chemical Battalion & NBC Doctrine Overview

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  1. NBC OVERVIEW

  2. Chemical Battalion & NBC Doctrine Overview

  3. Outline • Battalion Mission • Battalion Task Organization • Battlefield Geometry • Platoon Capabilities • Planning Considerations • Support Requirements • Issues • NBC Warning & Reporting System

  4. Mission On order, 2d Chemical Battalion deploys to designated theater of operations and provides command and control over chemical units conducting NBC operations in support of US Forces. Approved 22 Jun 98

  5. Task Organization 2 44 181 46 HHD Recon/Decon Co Mech Smoke Smoke/Decon Plus up to 3 Chemical Companies for Contingency Operations

  6. HHD, 2d Chemical Battalion HHD 2 Det HQ Cmd Grp Maint Commo S1 S2/3 S4 UMT

  7. 44th Chemical Company (Enhanced Recon/Decon) 2 44 HQ MAINT MDS x 3 (Plt) M93 x 8 (Plt)

  8. 46th Chemical Company (Mechanized Smoke) 2 46 HQ MAINT M58 x 7 (Plt)

  9. 181st Chemical Company (Smoke/Decontamination) 181 2 HQ MAINT M56 x 6 (Plt) M17 x 6 (Plt)

  10. Battlefield Geometry 5 ROK XXXXX 1CD BSA XXX 1CD 2 XX 2 X DSA 1 1CD XX XXX 52ID 1CD XX 52ID

  11. Reconnaissance Assets

  12. NBC Reconnaissance • Missions: • Confirm/deny enemy use of chemical weapons • Collect samples: transport to collection site • Types of Reconnaissance • Zone (Forward of LD in maneuver box) • Area (Rear area, TAAs, FARPs) • Route (MSRs, routes of march)

  13. Capabilities • 65 mph max speed • Range 500 miles • Nuclear/Chemical Detection within 5 min • FOX swims • M21 (passive infra-red technology) • 5 Km (NP Nerve & Blister) • Small arms, armor piercing proof glass windshield NBC Reconnaissance Platoon PL PSG RECON x 2 8 M93 FOX RECON

  14. Capabilities • Turbosupercharged Mercedes-Benz 8 cyl engine • 65 mph max speed • Range 500 miles • Nuclear/Chemical Detection within 5 min • FOX swims water too deep to forge • Small arms, armor piercing proof glass windshield • M21 (passive infra-red tech.); detects out to 5 Km (NP Nerve & Blister) M93A1 Fox M21 RASCAL Force Modernization • M93A1 FOX Upgrade (FY 99) • M21 mounted on top • Mobile detection • Winch for self recovery

  15. Smoke Assets

  16. Smoke Missions • Obscuring - On enemy positions • Screening - Conceal friendly positions • Haze - Horizontal, < 50 meters • Blanket - Horizontal, 50-150 meters • Curtain - Vertical • Marking - ID targets/friendly forces • Protecting - Defeat LOS ATGM, Attenuate • directed energy weapons and thermal energy • SOURCES • Projected: Mortar, artillery, rocket • Generated: Generators, pots, grenades

  17. Capabilities • Visual smoke obstruction • 120 gal fog oil per track • 2hr without refueling • 4 Km screening w/7 tracks M1059 Smoke Platoon PL 1 X M1059 PSG DVR SMOKE SMOKE FUEL x 2 2 x 5T TPU 1 x SSG 1 x SGT 2 x ENL 6 x M1059 2 x SSG 4 x SGT 8 x ENL Limitations • Can’t defeat thermal signatures • Current M1059 has difficulty in keeping pace with the M1 and M2

  18. Capabilities • Smoke obstruction (Bispectral) • Visual Smoke • 120 gal fog oil per track • 2hr without refueling • IR Smoke ½ hours (.7 - 12um) • 4 Km screening with 7 tracks • Can defeat thermal/infra-red signatures • Has the ability to keep pace with the • M1 and M2 (M113A3 RISE Package) • (MAX Speed 41 MPH; Range 309 Miles) • Indirect fire capability (MK19) • Able to drive under conditions of total darkness and limited visibility • (smoke, dust, haze, fog, rain) AN/VAS-3 Driver Thermal Viewer • M8A3 Gas particulate filters M58 (Wolf) Smoke Platoon

  19. Capabilities • Smoke obstruction (Bispectral) • Visual Smoke • 120 gal fog oil per truck • 2hr without refueling • IR Smoke ½ hours (.7 - 12um) • 4 Km screening with 7 trucks • Can defeat thermal/infra-red signatures M56 (Coyote) Smoke Platoon

  20. Smoke Capabilities • M1059 Plt M56/58 Plt • VISUAL • Width: 0.5 to 1.1 km 0.5 to 1.5 km • Depth: 3 to 5 km 3 to 5 km • Refuel: 120 min 90+ minutes • Fog Oil: 1 gpm 0 to 1.33 gpm • IR • Refuel: None 30+ minutes • Graphite: None 1 to 10 lbs./min

  21. Decontamination Assets

  22. Decontamination Missions • Decon as far forward as possible • Immediate (limits spread of contamination) • Skin decon (M291) • Personal equipment decon (M295) • Operator spraydown (M11/M13) • Operational (reduces duration of MOPP) • MOPP gear exchange • Vehicle washdown (M17) • Thorough (Chem unit assist, reduce/eliminate MOPP) • Detailed troop/equipment decon Fixed Facility Decon Terrain Decon

  23. M12 Decontamination Platoon DECON x 3 DECON Capabilities • M12 Decon Apparatus: Volume 447 gal • Tank & Pump Unit: Volume 1200 gal • Holds 9000 gal in bladders on the ground • Transport 5000 gal in TPUs and M12s • Approximately 5 hrs per Mech Infantry/Armor Co (agent, weather, • & extent of contamination dependent) • 5000 gal water used for a Mech Infantry/Armor Company

  24. M17 Decontamination Platoon (Sanator) DECON x 4 DECON Capabilities • M17 Decon Apparatus • Tank & Pump Unit: Volume 1200 gal • Holds 12,000 gal in bladders on the ground • Transport 5000 gal in TPUs • Approximately 5 hrs per Mech Infantry/Armor Co (agent, weather, • & extent of contamination dependent) • 5000 gal water used for a Mech Infantry/Armor Company

  25. Decon PlatoonCapabilities • Operational Decon • M12 M17 • - 1 vehicle / 2 minutes - 1 vehicle / 4 minutes • up to 3 lanes up to 4 lanes • - 15 minutes turn around - 15 minute turn around • Thorough Decon • M12 M17 • - 1 vehicle / 2 minutes - 1 vehicle / 4 minutes • - 1 hour turn around - 1 hour turn around

  26. Issues • Platoon vs Company • Logistical Resupply • prepositioned stocks • logistics attached

  27. Planning Considerations • Command/Support Relationship • Assets Available/Task Organization • Commander’s Intent • Integration into Division Plans Team • Military Decision-Making Process (MDMP) • Intelligence Preparation of the • Battlefield (IPB) • Synchronization Matrix

  28. Chemical Delivery Systems Red Dragons !

  29. NBC Warning & Reporting CDM: Chemical Downwind Message NBC1: Observer’s Report NBC2: Evaluated Data NBC3: Immediate Warning of Expected Contamination NBC4: Recon, Monitoring, and Survey Results NBC5: Areas of Actual Contamination NBC6: Detailed Information on Chemical or Biological Attacks

  30. PLOT (OPS SGT) Of Operational Significance? Determine COA w/ CDR XO,S3,BTL CPT YES NBC 1/3 REPORT FRAGO Inform BTL CPT NO Logistics Support Request (S1,S4) Report to Higher/Lower and Log (RTO/MCS) Continue Mission Inform CDR (as necessary) NBC Reports

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