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The Revolutionary War

The Revolutionary War. Washington’s Army. Lexington and Concord. Paul Revere, William Dawes & Samuel Prescott. Revere and Dawes rode from Charlestown (by Boston) to Lexington Warn Sam Adams & John Hancock of British attack Only Prescott made it to Concord.

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The Revolutionary War

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  1. The Revolutionary War

  2. Washington’s Army

  3. Lexington and Concord

  4. Paul Revere, William Dawes & Samuel Prescott • Revere and Dawes rode from Charlestown (by Boston) to Lexington • Warn Sam Adams & John Hancock of British attack • Only Prescott made it to Concord

  5. Paul Revere’s Ride – Longfellow (1860) … So through the night rode Paul Revere; And so through the night went his cry of alarm To every Middlesex village and farm, - A cry of defiance, and not of fear, A voice in the darkness, a knock at the door, And a word that shall echo for evermore! For, borne on the night-wind of the Past, Through all our history, to the last, In the hour of darkness and peril and need, The people will waken and listen to hear The hurrying hoof-beats of that steed, And the midnight message of Paul Revere.

  6. Battle of Bunker Hill • June 17, 1775 • Charleston Peninsula on North side of Boston Harbor • Boston British garrison (2400) vs. American Continental army (1500) • General Gage blockaded in Boston by the American army • British want to take the Charlestown peninsula • Americans occupied Breed’s Hill and Bunker Hill

  7. Bunker Hill • British ship “Lively” opened fire • General Howe landed for frontal attack • No preceding bombardment due to the wrong size cannon balls • American success despite fewer troops and ammunition • After three attacks the Americans were forced to retreat due to lack of ammunition

  8. After Bunker Hill… • British casualties – 1150 • American casualties – 450 • British fortified both hills • British use flanking techniques in all future battles • Death of American General Warren

  9. Invasion of Canada • Ethan Allan & Benedict Arnold capture British Forts Ticonderoga and Crown Point May 1775 • Montgomery captured Montreal Nov. 1775 • Montgomery & Arnold attacked Quebec Dec 1776 but were forced to retreat to Ticonderoga

  10. Revolutionary Timeline

  11. Battle of Long Island • Aug 27, 1776, New York • British vs. American Continental Army • Major General Lord Howe vs. Washington

  12. Battle of Long Island

  13. Battle of Long Island • British withdrew from Boston Mar. 17, 1776 • Howe landed at Staten Island July 3, 1776 • Brooklyn Heights commanded by Major General Putnam to defend Manhattan • Aug 22 British landed on Long Island • Howe brought troops along unguarded northern roads on Aug. 26 to attack from rear while the German mercenaries attacked from the front • Aug 28 American reinforcements • Aug 29 Americans withdrew

  14. Aftermath at New York • Howe again did not chase the American army, losing the chance to capture Washington • British casualties 400 • American casualties 2000 • Collapse of American morale

  15. Battle of Trenton • Dec 31, 1776 Washington would lose over ½ his troops • Washington crossed the Delaware River north of Trenton at night Dec. 25 during a storm to attack on the morning of Dec 26 • Colonel Rall & the Hessians were hung over • Washington and Sullivan divided the attack starting at 8:00 am • Hessians retreated and Rall died • Battle was over by 9:30 am • Increased American morale

  16. Battle of Oriskany • Colonel Leger (Br) attacked General Herkimer (Am) • Herkimer was ambushed by the Iroquois under Joseph Brant and losing badly • Major rainstorm forced all to take cover in the trees and Indians felt this was a sign from the Great Spirit to retreat from battle • British retreated

  17. Treaty of Alliance with France • General Howe won the battles of Brandywine and Germantown • British set up winter quarters in Philadelphia • Continental army in Valley Forge • Trained by Baron von Steuben • Feb 6, 1778 B. Franklin negotiated a treaty with Louis XVI against the Br. • May 1778 French army & fleet arrived

  18. Battle of Yorktown • George Washington (Am) – 8800 soldiers • Lieutenant General de Rochambeau (Fr) - 7800 • Major Gen. Lord Cornwallis (Br.) – 6000 • Cornwallis was losing so he took Yorktown Virginia • Am & Fr marched to attack Sept 28, 1781 • Sept 30 American siege of Yorktown • Oct 14 American attack • Oct 16 Br. tried to cross river but stopped by a storm • Oct 19 Cornwallis surrendered

  19. Treaty of Paris • Sept 3 1783 • Br. acknowledges American independence • Br. signed peace agreement with France • John Jay, John Adams, Ben Franklin signed for America

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