1 / 24

Ancient and Egyptian Architecture

Ancient and Egyptian Architecture. Architectural History ACT 322 Doris Kemp. Topics. Mesopotamia Sumer Babylon Ancient Israel Crete Mycenae. Ancient Near East: Mesopotamia . Mesopotamia Coexists with same time period as the Egyptians Centered around the Tigris and Euphrates rivers

bess
Download Presentation

Ancient and Egyptian Architecture

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Ancient and Egyptian Architecture Architectural History ACT 322 Doris Kemp

  2. Topics • Mesopotamia • Sumer • Babylon • Ancient Israel • Crete • Mycenae

  3. Ancient Near East:Mesopotamia • Mesopotamia • Coexists with same time period as the Egyptians • Centered around the Tigris and Euphrates rivers • Modern day Iraq • Signs of civilization begin to appear around 4500 B.C. • Peak of civilization is around 3300 B.C.

  4. Ancient Near East:Mesopotamia - Sumer • Sumer • Great kingdom located in Mesopotamia • Building materials were scarce • Timber was completely absent and stone was very scarce • Mud was used to create bricks • Highly soluble in water • Most structures have been destroyed due to rain and time

  5. Ancient Near East:Mesopotamia - Sumer • Sumer • Architectural characteristics include: • Heavy walls made of mud bricks • Great massings of earth • Tombs were very rare • Temples of interest: • Temple VIII at Eridu • White Temple at Uruk

  6. Ancient Near East:Mesopotamia - Sumer • Sumer • Temple VIII at Eridu • Ancient site near Ur • Thick walls of mud bricks • Set atop a primitive mud-brick platform • Featured stairs leading up to an entrance on the long side of the temple Photo: Sullivan

  7. Ancient Near East:Mesopotamia - Sumer • Sumer • White Temple at Uruk • 3500 – 3000 B.C. • Placed upon a huge mass of earth called a ziggurat Photo: Sullivan

  8. Ancient Near East:Mesopotamia - Babylon • Babylon • Neo-Babylonian Revival • Culture was revived in 612 B.C. • Many new temples and palaces were built • Thick walls surrounded the city with a distance of some 11 miles • Key locations: • Ishtar Gate • Tower of Babel • Palace of Nebuchadnezzar

  9. Ancient Near East:Mesopotamia – Babylon • Babylon • Ishtar Gate • Most impressive remnant of the great city • Dominated the wide processional avenue and led to the inner city • Partly reconstructed in the State Museum, Berlin , Germany Photo: Sullivan

  10. Ancient Near East:Mesopotamia – Babylon • Tower of Babel • Most famous of all the ziggurats of ancient Mesopotamia • Has been restored many times throughout the centuries • No one really knows how it actually looked Photo: Sullivan

  11. Ancient Near East:Mesopotamia - Babylon • Babylon • Palace of Nebuchadnezzar • The most grandiose palace in Babylon • Featured the Hanging Gardens • One of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World • Approximately 900 by 600 ft. in size • Has been praised by many historians for its many splendid features

  12. Ancient Near East:Mesopotamia - Babylon Photo: Sullivan

  13. Ancient Near East:Ancient Israel • Ancient Israel • King Solomon’s Temple • Built around the 10th century B.C. • Located atop Mt. Moriah in Jerusalem • Rectangular structure surrounded by open courtyards • Rebuilt two times due to invaders • The third temple is associated with the Christian New Testament • Destroyed in A.D. 70 by the Romans

  14. Ancient Near East:Ancient Israel Photo: Sullivan

  15. Ancient Near East:Ancient Israel • Ancient Israel • Wailing Wall in Jerusalem is believed to be the last remnants of Solomon’s third temple Photo: Sullivan

  16. Ancient Near East:Crete • Crete • Key locations: • City of Troy • Was thought to be a mythical location until the 1870’s A.D. • Discovered by Heinrich Schliemann • Palace at Knossos • c. 1700 – 1400 B.C. • Possibly built for King Midas • Only the ground floor has survived the centuries

  17. Ancient Near East:Crete Photo: Sullivan

  18. Ancient Near East:Crete Photo: Sullivan

  19. Ancient Near East:Mycenae • Mycenae • Modern day Greece • A great society of warriors • More interested architecturally in citadels rather than pleasure palaces • Recognized the importance of geometry and proportions in architecture

  20. Ancient Near East:Mycenae • Mycenae • Two important structures: • Citadel at Tyrins • Best preserved citadel of Mycenae • Up to 36 ft. thick walls • Lined with galleries that featured massive corbelled ceilings • Treasury of Atreus • Large dome shaped tomb dating back to 1300 B.C. Photo: Sullivan

  21. Ancient Near East:Mycenae Photo: Sullivan

  22. Ancient Near East:Mycenae Photo: Sullivan

  23. References • Sullivan, Mary; http://www.bluffton.edu/~sullivanm/ • http://www.brynmawr.edu/Acads/Cities/wld/wdpt1.html • Trachtenburg/Hyman; Architecture: From Prehistory to Postmodernity • Wodehouse/Moffett; A History of Western Architecture

  24. Ancient and Egyptian Architecture Architectural History ACT 322 Doris Kemp

More Related