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Point of Care Engineering and Technology — an overview

Point of Care Engineering and Technology — an overview. Virtuistix Inc., Winnipeg, Manitoba TR Labs : Telecommunications Research Laboratory, Winnipeg, Manitoba Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba. Blake W. Podaima 1,2,3 , Robert D. McLeod 2,3.

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Point of Care Engineering and Technology — an overview

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  1. Point of Care Engineering and Technology — an overview • Virtuistix Inc., Winnipeg, Manitoba • TRLabs: Telecommunications Research Laboratory, Winnipeg, Manitoba • Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba Blake W. Podaima1,2,3, Robert D. McLeod2,3 Email: Bpodaima@Virtuistix.CA; McLeod@EE.UManitoba.CA © B. W. Podaima, 2006 Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba

  2. Mission • Heightened demand for improvements in Patient Safety and Quality of Care at patient Point of Care (POC). • Errors and other adverse incidents are inevitable in complex systems. • The goal of Virtuistix is in mitigating medical errors through the use of technology and protocols via systems engineering. • Specifically, SmartRFID Enabled Medical Devices. Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba

  3. To Err is Human • Approximately 36% of adverse drug events occur at the patient POC while only 2% are intercepted. • Technology can be used in conjunction with human factors engineering to improve the accuracy and efficiency of protocols and practice with the objective of reducing errors. • Systems engineering implies the use of tools such as Failure Mode and Effects Analysis and Root Cause Analysis (FMEA and RCA). Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba

  4. Costs • Estimated costs associated with adverse medical events have been estimated to be in the billions. • Mortality + human suffering • Litigation • Extended stay • Complications • Adverse drug interactions • Dissemination of Innovation: Costs of technology adoption. • Can we afford not to? Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba

  5. Intervention • Technologies play a major role in modernizing and improving medical and health systems. • Those being considered utilize information and communication technology in mobile deployment: • Hand held mobile devices (PDAs) with integrated RFID readers; local wireless communication technologies, such as 802.11x; Wi-Fi Protected Access; ZigBee; Wireless USB; Infrared; integrated sensor based devices; Barcodes, and RFID tags. • Back-end information systems are replacing much of the paper storage and retrieval systems that still prevail in health care today. Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba

  6. Implementation • The greatest benefit of an Electronic Records System, is that relevant patient information can be readily available to practitioners — whenever and wherever needed. (PDAs, wireless, ERS) • Sufficient security and standards will ensure reliable and secure management of sensitive medical records. (encryption, authentication, privacy) • Security is a problem of perception — one that needs to be addressed thoroughly and implemented properly to be effective as Clinical Grade Networks are developed and deployed. (properly implemented protocols) Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba

  7. RFID in Healthcare • Conventional RFID technology in healthcare • Primarily based upon identification. • Built around inventory tracking and control. • Extensions include pharmaceutical supply chain inventory and tracking for medical reconciliation. • Tied into a hospital management system, they have considerable potential to reduce adverse drug events at the patient POC. • This is accomplished through corroboration of the patient ID with the drug prescribed by the physician • “Smart” RFID Enabled Devices are new technologies that have the potential to improve patient safety and quality of care. Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba

  8. Preparation Central Medical Overseeing Pharmacy Processing Physician Unit RFID RFID Reader (RFID) Reader Disposal + Sterilization Central Medical Care Provider Hospital Supply Unit Information RFID Mobile PDA System Reader RFID Reader Monitoring Smart Medical Device Patient Medical Content/ RFID + (RFID) Apparatus Interface (RFID) Platform Medical Compliance Platform — POC Interaction Components: Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba

  9. Smart RFID Devices • What is Smart RFIDDeployment? • A Smart RFID enabled device and its system of deployment include methods of identification and control for medical compliance. • Identification is accomplished with the aid of RFID. • Control is enabled through a mechanism that can be activated to prevent improper, erroneous, or unauthorized access. • Smart RFID enabled devices attempt to facilitate error-free dispensing and administration (of medication and/or medical supplies), and other clinical practices, to reduce or prevent adverse medical events, near misses, or sentinel events. Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba

  10. RFID Basics Basic RFID Near-Field Coupling and Telemetry: Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba

  11. Smart RFID Devices • Incorporate an RFID enabled interface capable of controlling access, (providing actuation, and sensor information collection): smart medical containers, smart pumps, smart clamps, smart valves, smart syringes and pipettes, and smart bandages. • The RFID tags on these devices can be either passive or active, and the control and communication can be derived from the interaction of an RFID reader and tag in conjunction with the associated electronics and overseeing medical information management system. Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba

  12. Summary • POC engineering and technology are brought to bear on the medical community with the overall goal of improving patient safety and quality of care. • We ascertain the emerging field of RFID technology has the potential to improve medical compliance via human factors protocols and practice at the patient POC. • Within a ubiquitous or pervasive health computing environment, novel Smart RFID medical devices, in conjunction with wireless PDAs, are proposed to integrate identification, security, control, and actuation. • Various POC embodiments along these lines are currently under IP development and technology capture. Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba

  13. Smart RFID Devices Assorted Smart RFID Enabled Medical Devices: • Smart Clamps (mechanical and electromechanical) • Smart Valves (mechanical and electromechanical) • Smart Syringes (mechanical and electromechanical) Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba

  14. Smart Clamp Smart Screw Clamp (in-line and clam shell type — mechanical instance): Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba

  15. Smart Clamp Smart Screw Clamp (in-line and clam shell type: — electromechanical instance): Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba

  16. Smart Clamp Smart Cam Clamp (mechanical instance): Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba

  17. Smart Clamp Smart Cam Clamp (electromechanical instance): Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba

  18. Smart Clamp Smart Scissor Clamp (restricted — mechanical instance): Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba

  19. Smart Clamp Smart Scissor Clamp (unrestricted — mechanical instance): Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba

  20. Smart Clamp Smart Rotational Clamp (in-line or clam shell type — mechanical instance): Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba

  21. Smart Clamp Smart Rotational Clamp (in-line or clam shell type — electromechanical instance): Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba

  22. Smart Clamp Smart Push-type Clamp (in-line or clam shell type — mechanical instance): Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba

  23. Smart Clamp Smart Lever-type Clamp (in-line or clam shell type — mechanical instance): Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba

  24. Smart Clamp Smart Hinge Clamp (mechanical instance): Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba

  25. Smart Clamp Smart Linear-Actuator Ram Clamp (mechanical instance): Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba

  26. Smart Clamp Smart Linear-Actuator Ram Clamp (electromechanical instance): Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba

  27. Smart Clamp Smart Roller-Actuator Clamp (mechanical instance): Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba

  28. Smart Clamp Smart Roller-Actuator Clamp (electromechanical instance): Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba

  29. Smart Valve Smart Stop-cock [2-port] Valve (electromechanical instance): Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba

  30. Smart Valve Smart Stop-cock [2-port, 2-way] Valve Flow Channels: Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba

  31. Smart Valve Smart Stop-cock [3-port] Valve (electromechanical instance): Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba

  32. Smart Valve Smart Stop-cock [3-port, 4-way] Valve Flow Channels: Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba

  33. Smart Valve Smart Butterfly Valve (mechanical and electromechanical instance): Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba

  34. Smart Valve Smart [Gate, Globe, Needle] Valve (adjustable screw — mechanical instance): Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba

  35. Smart Valve Smart [Gate, Globe, Needle] Valve (adjustable screw — electromechanical instance): Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba

  36. Smart Syringe Smart Syringe (Fail-safe - Control Mechanism at Nozzle): Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba

  37. Smart Syringe Smart Syringe (Fail-safe - Control Mechanism at Finger-Flange): Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba

  38. Smart Syringe Smart Syringe (Operator Responsible - Indicator Only): Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba

  39. Smart Syringe Smart Syringe (Fail-safe or Operator Responsible - Rotation and Push-pull Latch Mechanism): Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba

  40. Smart Syringe Smart Syringe (Fail-safe - Finger-Flange Module Assembly): Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba

  41. Smart Syringe Smart Syringe (Fail-safe - Control for Legacy Syringes): Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba

  42. Smart Syringe Smart Syringe (Fail-safe - Collapsible Latch Mechanism): Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba

  43. Smart Syringe Smart Syringe (Possible Position [Resolver] Sensors): Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba

  44. Smart Syringe Smart Syringe (Removable Thumb-rest Implementations): Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba

  45. Smart Syringe Smart Syringe (Fail-safe - Intersticed control device): Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba

  46. Smart Syringe Smart Syringe (Fail-safe - Motorized Control and Actuator Device): Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba

  47. Smart Syringe Smart Syringe (Fail-safe - Alternative Implementation [Cylindrical Plunger]): Dept. of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Manitoba

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