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BAGHOUSE 101 TRAINING

BAGHOUSE 101 TRAINING. Presented by: March 10, 2005. Baghouse 101 Outline. Overview Design Fabric Types Shaker Baghouse Reverse Air Baghouse Pulse Jet Baghouse R & D. OVERVIEW. Why Do We Need A Baghouse. Recover useable product Keep plant clean and workers safe

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BAGHOUSE 101 TRAINING

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  1. BAGHOUSE 101 TRAINING Presented by: March 10, 2005

  2. Baghouse 101 Outline • Overview • Design • Fabric Types • Shaker Baghouse • Reverse Air Baghouse • Pulse Jet Baghouse • R & D

  3. OVERVIEW

  4. Why Do We Need A Baghouse • Recover useable product • Keep plant clean and workers safe • Comply with state and federal regulations

  5. Typical System Components • Emission Source • Pickup Points • Ductwork • Collection Equipment • Baghouse • Air Mover • Fan

  6. Types of Dust Collection • SETTLING: dust settles on surfaces. • CYCLONE: cyclone is utilized to capture larger particles • ELECTROSTATIC PRECIPITATORS: positively charged particles become negatively charged for release. • WET SCRUBBERS: mix water with dust, dust settles in a pond and is drawn back into the system. • BAGHOUSES: dust collection method gathers dust on a piece of filter media and then it is removed from the material by air, or mechanical shaker.

  7. Components of a Baghouse • Hopper • Housing • Tubesheet • Plenum

  8. 3 Types of Baghouses • Shaker Baghouse • Reverse Air Baghouse • Pulse Jet Baghouse

  9. Shaker Baghouse • The first and oldest cleaning style • Utilizes mechanically driven devices to “shake” the filter bag • Particulate collects on the inside surface of the filter bag

  10. Reverse Air Baghouse • The second and next oldest cleaning style • Utilizes a system of reversing air flow through the filter bag to create a “back washing” effect on the particulate, changing the filter bag surface contour, and releasing the collected particulate. • Particulate collects on the inside surface of the filter bag

  11. Pulse Jet Baghouse • The third and newest cleaning style • Differs drastically from both the shaker and reverse air baghouse • Utilizes a powerful, short blast of compressed air in a reverse direction • Particulate collects on the outside surface of the filter bag

  12. BAGHOUSE DESIGN

  13. Inlet Grain Loading Air-to-cloth Ratio Differential Pressure (P) Fabric Selection and Efficiency Inlet Velocity Can Velocity Inlet Temperature Outlet Emissions Baghouse Design

  14. Inlet Grain Load • 0.1 to 5.0 grains/ft3 = Light • 6.0 to 15.0 grains/ft3 = Medium • 16.0 to 30.0 grains/ft3 = Heavy • 1.0 Grain = 1/7000 LB

  15. Air-to-Cloth Ratio • Shaker: 1.5:1 to 3.0:1 • Reverse Air: 1.5:1 to 2.5:1 • Pulsejet: 4.0:1 to 8.0:1

  16. Differential Pressure • Differential pressure (P) not to exceed 6” static pressure water gauge (S.P.W.G). • Magnehelic gauge/manometer used for monitoring differential pressure Magnehelic gauge

  17. Fabric Selection • Operating temperature • Abrasion resistance • Collection efficiency • Chemical make-up of gas stream • Dust loading • Air-to-cloth ratio • Cleaning method

  18. Air Flow • Volume (CFM) • Temperature • Inlet velocity (3000 FPM or less) • Can velocity (300 FPM or less)

  19. Outlet Emissions • Location dependent • Application dependent • Media dependent • Regulatory impact

  20. MEDIA TYPES

  21. Media Types • Natural Fibers • Cotton • Wool • Paper • Synthetic Fibers – Most Widely Used • Woven • Felts

  22. Fabric Selection Chart

  23. Fabric Finishes

  24. SHAKER BAGHOUSE

  25. 3 Basic Styles ofShaking Action • Horizontal Shake • Tube Shake • Cradle Shake

  26. Shaker Cleaning

  27. REVERSE AIR BAGHOUSE

  28. Components of aReverse Baghouse

  29. Reverse Air Cleaning Cycle • Close the outlet or poppet damper • Provide a period of “null” period to provide for settling of particulate • Open reverse air poppet valve to allow reversed air flow to “backwash” through the fabric filters • Close reverse air poppet valve, allowing a “null” period to all for settling of particulate • Open outlet or poppet damper • Compartment is brought back “on-line”

  30. Reverse Air Cleaning

  31. Points of Inspection • Hanging structure • Tensioning hardware • Failure due to weight and elevated temperatures • Chemical reaction will also deteriorate hanging hardware • Filter caps may contain corrosion • Clamps and fasteners usually cannot be used safely more than once

  32. Points of Inspection • Condition of thimbles • Corrosion • Particulate build-up • Broken welds • Cell plate for broken welds, corroded leakage • Exterior door seals • Biggest cause of compartment corrosion and collection efficiency

  33. Points of Inspection • Hopper evacuation equipment • Hopper screws, rotary airlock valves, dump valves • Magnehelic gauges. All lines should be cleared and cleaned before gauges are inspected • Particulate removed from the hopper

  34. Filter Bag Installation • Cell plates should be carefully cleaned • Thimbles should be brushed to remove particulate build-up • Cell plates without thimbles should be carefully swept and holes brushed clean of particulate build-up

  35. Filter Bag Installation (cont) • Filter bags should be located in boxes, nearest the locations that they are to be installed. Beginning should be furthest from the compartment entry and furthest from any provided walkways • Install hanging hardware prior to installing filters • Attach filter bags at the top first, leaving the bottom of the filters to remain loose.

  36. Filter Bag Installation (cont) • Install bottom of filter bags • Seams of each filter bag should face the walkway that serves that row of filters • Check that seams are not twisted • Tension filter bag

  37. Installing Bag On Thimble STEP 1 STEP 2 STEP 3 INSTALL ONE SIDE OF BEADED CUFF OF BAG OVER THIMBLE BEAD INSTALL OTHER SIDE OF BEADED CUFF OF BAG OVER THIMBLE BEAD INSTALL CLAMP ABOVE BEADED CUFF OF BAG JUST UNDER THIMBLE BEAD IMPROPER IMPROPER IMPROPER

  38. Proper Tensioning Typical Filter Bag Tension • 5” diameter 35 lbs. • 8” diameter 50 lbs. • 11.5” diameter 50 lbs. (Polyester) • 11.5” diameter 75 lbs. (Fiberglass)

  39. Tension Guidelines Excessive Tension: • Results in high stress around ring covers and cuffs. • Prevents the proper flexing needed to release the dust cake. Insufficient Tension: • Results in bag to bag abrasion. • Results in bag to structure abrasion. • Inhibits flow of dust out of bag. • Accelerates fatigue failures.

  40. Operating Instructions for M-C Tensioning Tool Instruction SHEET

  41. DailyPreventive Maintenance • Walk through the baghouse area to check for normal or abnormal visual and audible conditions • Check Differential Pressure • Check the proper operation of the cleaning cycle • Monitor the evacuation system • Observe the stack for clean air particulate (opacity)

  42. WeeklyPreventive Maintenance • Check poppet valves for proper operation • Inspect fans/blowers for corrosion and vibration

  43. MonthlyPreventive Maintenance • Clean the monitoring equipment lines • Check the filter cleaning sequence to see that all poppit valves are seating properly • Check all moving parts on the evacuation system • Inspect inlet and outlet ducts for corrosion, leaks, and particulate build-up

  44. QuarterlyPreventative Maintenance • Calibrate all monitors, particularly the outlet (opacity) monitors

  45. YearlyPreventative Maintenance • Inspect filter bags for leaks and holes • Inspect compartments for particulate build-up • Inspect hoppers for abrasion and corrosion • Inspect door and port gasketing • Inspect baghouse structural for corrosion

  46. Start-Up Procedure • Process air should be brought up gradually • Pre-coating fabric filters can reduce initial particulate impact and help to prevent blinding during initial process air introduction • Monitoring systems should be observed and noted

  47. PULSE JET BAGHOUSE

  48. Components of aPulse Jet Baghouse

  49. Pulse Jet Cleaning Cycle • Uses compressed air from air compressors • Cleaning pressures of 80 – 110 PSI • Components • Sequential timer • Solenoid valve • Diaphragm valve • Air header • Blowpipes

  50. Cleaning Mechanism • Air compressors are used to develop higher pressure air • Air is distributed from the compressor storage tank to the baghouse “header” assembly via pipe plumbing • Pulse valve is attached to each of the pulse tubes and connected to the compressed air source • On command, pulse valves momentarily open and close, allowing a short blast of compressed air to enter the pulse tubes and be distributed to each filter served in that row by that pulse tube

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