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EARTH

EARTH. LAYERS OF THE EARTH. CRUST (LITHOSPHERE). OCEANIC PLATES CONTINENTAL PLATES. CRUST(LITHOSPHERE). OCEANIC - IS ABOUT 10K THICK AND MADE UP OF ROCK WITH IRON AND MAGNESIUM CAUSED BY VOLCANIC ACTION. IT IS VERY DENSE

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EARTH

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  1. EARTH

  2. LAYERS OF THE EARTH

  3. CRUST (LITHOSPHERE) • OCEANIC PLATES • CONTINENTAL PLATES

  4. CRUST(LITHOSPHERE) • OCEANIC - IS ABOUT 10K THICK AND MADE UP OF ROCK WITH IRON AND MAGNESIUM CAUSED BY VOLCANIC ACTION. IT IS VERY DENSE • CONTINENTAL- IS ABOUT 30-50 K THICK AND MADE OF IGNEOUS, METAMORPHIC, AND SEDIMENTARY ROCK. IT IS LESS DENSE.

  5. PLATES TECTONICS • THERE ARE 12 PLATES. • CONVECTION CURRENTS IN THE MANTLE MOVE THE PLATES. • THE PLATES MOVE JUST A FEW INCHES EACH YEAR.

  6. The plates move because of convection currents in the asthenosphere. http://wc.pima.edu/~bfiero/tucsonecology/setting/images/convcells01.gif

  7. ASTHENOSPHERE • IT IS JUST BELOW THE CRUST. • IT IS WEAKENED BY HEAT. • IT IS WITHOUT STRENGTH. • CONVECTION CURRENTS ALLOW THE PLATES ON TOP OF IT TO MOVE.

  8. 3 Types of Plate Boundaries: http://geology.csupomona.edu/drjessey/class/Gsc101/boundaries.gif

  9. Great Rift Valley

  10. Himalayan Mountains

  11. Subduction Zones • http://www.smarterscience.net/challengerdeep.html

  12. UPPER MANTLE • IT IS 400KM THICK • MADE OF ROCK RICH IN IRON AND MAGNESIUM. • IT IS MUCH DENSER THAN THE CRUST.

  13. LOWER MANTLE • IT IS ABOUT 1900 KM THICK. • CONTAINS A GREATER AMOUNT OF IRON. • MAKES UP 41% OF THE EARTH’S MASS

  14. OUTER CORE • IT IS MADE UP OF LIQUID METAL. • IT IS ABOUT 2100 KM THICK. • IT MAKES UP ABOUT 30% OF THE EARTH’S MASS.

  15. INNER CORE MADE UP OF HARD METAL. IT IS ABOUT 1300 KM THICK. IT IS 2% OF THE EARTH’S TOTAL MASS.

  16. EARTH’S INNER LAYERS • There are distinct layers to the earth’s interior. • Heavier elements tend to sink to the core • Lighter elements rise toward the surface • More is known about the crust than the mantle and core. • What we believe is true about the mantle and core comes from studying seismology.

  17. SEISMOGRAPH • IT IS USED TO MEASURE THE MOTIONS OF THE GROUND.

  18. Seafloor Spreading • Rift Zone • New Ocean floor • Mid-Ocean Ridge • Red Sea • Great Rift Valley Divergent • Trenches • Volcanoes • Mountains • Mariana Trench • Mt. St. Helens • Andes Mountains Convergent (Subduction Zone) Convergent (Collision) • Himalayas • Appalachian Mts • Rocky Mts Folded Mountains Transform Fault San Andreas Fault Transform

  19. QUESTIONS???

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