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The Story of Apartheid

The Story of Apartheid. Africa. ” I am an African. I owe my being to the hills and the valleys, the mountains and the glades, the rivers, the deserts, the trees, the flowers, the seas and the ever-changing seasons that define the face of our native land” Thabo Mbeki. The map of South Africa.

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The Story of Apartheid

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  1. The Story of Apartheid By Mzoli Mncanca

  2. Africa ” I am an African. I owe my being to the hills and the valleys, the mountains and the glades, the rivers, the deserts, the trees, the flowers, the seas and the ever-changing seasons that define the face of our native land” Thabo Mbeki By Mzoli Mncanca

  3. The map of South Africa By Mzoli Mncanca

  4. In the Beginning SA was….. Colonized by English and Dutch in 17th century English domination of Dutch (Afrikaners) led to Dutch creating new colonies 1900-Diamonds discovery led to English invasion and war between English and Dutch (Anglo-Boer War) After gaining independence from England, Afrikaner National Party gained majority in 1940s 1948-National Party implemented apartheid to establish white domination and separation of races 1960s- “Grand Apartheid” established- “territorial separation and police repression” By Mzoli Mncanca

  5. What is Apartheid? • Afrikaans word for Separation of races i.e. Black, White, Coloured,and Indian • Practical separation of residential areas • Separation of public institutions e.g. schools and hospitals. • Separation of jobs, ”jobs for whites only” • Separate use of facilities like toilets, chairs, bus stops, stair-cases etc. By Mzoli Mncanca

  6. Going Deeper Into Apartheid… 1948-Racism institutionalized -Marriage between blacks and whites prohibited -”white-only” jobs authorized 1950-Population Registration Act -Divided South Africans into white, black (Africans), and colored (mixed descent) -Based on appearance, social acceptance, and descent -Blacks-forced to carry “pass books” holding fingerprints, photograph, and information on access to non-black areas By Mzoli Mncanca

  7. Homelands Land Act of 1953: deprived blacks of the right to own land and moved them onto “homelands” By Mzoli Mncanca

  8. 1951 Bantu Authorities Act Created basis for ethnic government in African reserves or “homelands” Blacks had no rights in South Africa. Their rights were restricted to the so called “homelands”. The White Government had complete control over the homelands. By Mzoli Mncanca

  9. 1953- Public Safety Act and Criminal Law Amendment Act Gave government power to declare states of emergency, increase punishments for protesting against or supporting repeal of a law: fines, imprisonment, whippings 1960-Government declared state of emergency when large group of blacks in Sharpeville refused to carry their passes (native ID) Emergency lasted for 156 days, 69 people dead and 187 people wounded By Mzoli Mncanca

  10. Various laws applied in the use of public facilities, like chairs, toilets, bus stops, stair-cases etc. By Mzoli Mncanca

  11. At times it could be worse By Mzoli Mncanca

  12. Education Bantu Education Act (1953) gave the central government control over African education "Native education should be controlled . . . in accord with the policy of the state . . . If the native in South Africa today in any kind of school in existence is being taught to expect that he will live his adult life under a policy of equal rights, he is making a big mistake . . . There is no place for him in the European community above the level of certain forms of labor." -Hendrik Verwoerd, Prime Minister By Mzoli Mncanca

  13. Apartheid was highly effective at giving preferential treatment to whites By Mzoli Mncanca

  14. Student Uprising: 1976 • Black students were forced to learn in Afrikaans. • Protests against Afrikaans started. • More than 500 black students killed by white policemen. • More than a thousand men, women and children wounded. By Mzoli Mncanca

  15. At least from 1976 until 1990, such headlines were common place in South African newspapers. By Mzoli Mncanca

  16. A Struggle Against Apartheid Important to remember: Throughout the apartheid, there was a movement fighting against it… African National Congress Nelson Mandela- A key character in the fight for democracy -Imprisoned for his political efforts -President of ANC -Released from prison in 1990 -First democratic president of South Africa May 10, 1994- First Democratic Election By Mzoli Mncanca

  17. Nelson Mandela also votesApril, 1994 By Mzoli Mncanca

  18. A Brief Timeline…. 1948 Apartheid started. Whites were in the minority. South African government did not care about being shunned by the rest of the world. 1961 South Africa became a republic. By Mzoli Mncanca

  19. 1960-1990’s – repressive laws. 1976- More than 500 students killed 1980’s – violent opposition to White South African government. P.W. Botha main proponent of apartheid. 1990-94 – massive violence F. W. De Clerk reversed Botha’s policy and began the end to apartheid. 1994 - Blacks, colored, and Indians voted for the first time By Mzoli Mncanca

  20. 1994- Nelson Mandela was elected President in the country’s first democratic elections. 1996- New constitution adopted 1999- second elections 2000 – Truth & Reconciliation Commission – amnesty for whites to tell their stories By Mzoli Mncanca

  21. South Africa Today Although the legacy of apartheid still prevails in South Africa, the country has moved on considerably. SA´s economy increased by 5% in 2006. In 2010 SA is hosting the biggest tournament, the soccer world cup. By Mzoli Mncanca

  22. Better life for all • Elder people and children under 15 years get a support grant. • Free Adult education • Health facilities are free to all • Basic services like water, electricity, telephone are rendered • University education is available to many young people through government funding and other bursaries. By Mzoli Mncanca

  23. Towards Free Education • In 2007, up to 40% of schools offered free education. By Mzoli Mncanca

  24. National Nutrition Program • Feeds 1.6-million school children every day • Nearly 2000 school gardens with government, local and NGO support By Mzoli Mncanca

  25. But still more imbalances of the past need to be addressed to limit the gap between the rich and the poor. The gap By Mzoli Mncanca

  26. Despite all the accomplishments, the victory over apartheid, the best constitution in the world, the 2010 soccer world cup, Nelson Mandela the global icon and the rest, One thing is evident: The is still a long way to go!! By Mzoli Mncanca

  27. References • Nelson Rolihahla Mandela. ANC. 2005. African National Congress. 07-02-2009. <http://www.anc.org.za/people/mandela.html>. • Apartheid Images: accesses from www.google.co.za/images=apartheid+images_apartheid jgp on 07-02-22209 • Apartheid In South Africa accessed from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Apartheidon 16-02-2009 By Mzoli Mncanca

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