Part 2: FOCUS ON THE lEARNER

1. Part 2: FOCUS ON THE lEARNER Educ 221 - Facilitating Learning Melanie Jeane C. Galvez Ateneo de Davao University

2. Piaget’s Stages ofCognitive Development The principal goal of education is to create men (people) who are capable of doing new things, not simply repeating what other generations have done – men (people) who are creative, iInventive and discoverers. Jean Piaget

3. Cognitive Concepts

4. Cognitive Concepts Equilibrium

5. Stages of Development 4 3 2 1 -hypothetical -analogical -deductive -decentering -reversibility -conservation -seriation -symbolic function -egocentrism -centration -reversibility -animism -transductive reasoning Object permanence

6. Principles (Piaget’s Theory) • Children provide different explanations of reality at different stages • Cognitive development is facilitated by providing activities or situations that engage learners and require adaptation • Learning materials and activities should involve the appropriate level of motor and mental operations for a child at a given age • Use teaching methods that actively involve students and present challenges

7. Piagetian-based Learning Activity Plan Instructions: • Read the matrices found in the book • Make a simple Piagetian-based learning activity plan • Formulate learning objectives • Pick 2-3 applications from the matrix to help achieve the objectives you make Subject: Lesson Topic: Grade/Year Level:

8. Erikson’s Psycho-Social Theory of Development Healthy children will not fear life if their elders have integrity enough not to fear death. Erik Erikson

9. Stage 1 Infancy Too much trust Too little mistrust Withdrawal Sensory maladjustment Trust vs. Mistrust Hope & Drive

10. Stage 2 Toddler hood Too much shame Too little doubt Impulsiveness Autonomy vs. Shame & Doubt Compulsiveness Will power & Determination

11. Stage 3 Preschool Too much initiative Too little guilt Ruthlessness Initiative vs. Guilt Sociopathy Purpose & Direction

12. Stage 4 School Age Too much industry Too little inferiority Narrow virtuosity Industry vs. Inferiority Inertia Competency

13. Stage 5 Adolescence Too little Identity confusion Too much identity Ego Identity Identity vs Identity Confusion Repudiation Fidelity & Devotion

14. Stage 6 Young Adulthood Too much intimacy Too little isolation Promiscuity Intimacy vs. Isolation Exclusion Love & Affiliation

15. Stage 7 Middle Adulthood Too much generativity Too little stagnation Overextension Generativity vs. Stagnation Rejectivity Care

16. Stage 8 Late Adulthood Too much integrity Too little despair Presumption Integrity vs. Despair Disdain Wisdom

17. Synthesis of concepts