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Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration. Chapter 8 and 9. Topics. Big questions – How do you make energy? How do plants make food? Three topics in this unit ATP Cellular Respiration Photosynthesis . ATP. Energy currency of the cell

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Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration

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  1. Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Chapter 8 and 9

  2. Topics • Big questions – • How do you make energy? • How do plants make food? • Three topics in this unit • ATP • Cellular Respiration • Photosynthesis

  3. ATP • Energy currency of the cell • Adenosine Triphosphate = Adenine and three phosphates

  4. ATP • ATP holds energy between the phosphate bonds • How do you get the energy out of ATP?

  5. ATP • When we take the phosphate off the molecules becomes ADP – Adenosine diphosphate • How do we make ATP?

  6. Cellular Respiration

  7. Cellular Respiration • Cellular respiration is the process that cells use to make ATP, or energy • So what do we need to make energy? • Food – glucose • Oxygen – We ALWAYS need oxygen

  8. Cellular Respiration Glucose + Oxygen = Carbon dioxide + Water + Energy

  9. Cellular Respiration • Remember: • We need oxygen and food to make energy • We exhale carbon dioxide

  10. Cellular Respiration • So now you know what we are starting with, and what we should end with. What about the process? • There are two types of respiration • Aerobic – Requires oxygen • Anaerobic – does not require oxygen • Do you think you make more energy with or without oxygen?

  11. Cellular Respiration • There are three steps to cellular respiration • Glycolysis • Krebs cycle • Electron transport chain

  12. Glycolysis • Does not require oxygen (anaerobic) • In the cytoplasm • 1 molecule of glucose + 2 ATP = 4 ATP • Net production of 2 ATP (made 4 but used two)

  13. Krebs Cycle • Requires oxygen (aerobic) • In the mitochondria • Produces two more ATP • Total of 4 ATP so far…

  14. Electron Transport Chain • Requires oxygen (aerobic) • Passing of electrons by proteins • In the mitochondria, on the inner membrane • Makes 34 ATP!!!

  15. Cellular Respiration • What happens when we don’t have oxygen? • Fermentation! • Lactic Acid – happens in animal cells, produces lactic acid • Alcoholic Fermentation – happens in yeast cells, produces ethanol and carbon dioxide

  16. Photosynthesis

  17. Photosynthesis • Photosynthesis is the process that plants use to turn light energy into food • What do plants need? • Photosynthesis equation Light + CO2 + H2O O2 + Glucose

  18. Photosynthesis • Where is the plant do you think this occurs? • Leaves • Where in the leaf does this occur? • Palisade mesophyll • Where in the cell does this occur? • Chloroplast

  19. Chlorophyll • Chlorophyll is the substance in the leaf that absorbs the light? • Why is chlorophyll green? • Absorbs all colors except green • Reflects the color green

  20. Photosynthesis • Light reaction (light dependent) • Requires light • In the thylakoid • Light energy is used to make ATP • Dark reaction (light independent) • Does not require light • In the stoma • ATP is used to convert CO2 to sugar

  21. Photosynthesis and Respiration • How are photosynthesis and cellular respiration connected? Light + CO2 + H2O O2 + Glucose Glucose +O2 CO2 + H2O + ATP

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