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History 311. Religion and Politics Part Two. Origins and leaders. Turkic nomads Osman (r. 1280-1324; b. 1258) son Orhan Gazi (r. 1324-59) War on Byzantine Empire 1389 1402. Two Horsemen, Kitab al-Baytara ('Book of Farriery') by Ahmed ibn al-Husayn ibn al-Ahnaf. Baghdad, 1210. Topkapi .
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History 311 Religion and Politics Part Two
Origins and leaders • Turkic nomads • Osman (r. 1280-1324; b. 1258) • son Orhan Gazi (r. 1324-59) • War on Byzantine Empire • 1389 • 1402 Two Horsemen, Kitab al-Baytara ('Book of Farriery') by Ahmed ibn al-Husayn ibn al-Ahnaf. Baghdad, 1210. Topkapi
Origins and leaders • Suleyman • r. 1520-66 • “the Law-giver” or “the Magnificent” • After Suleyman • Vienna, 1683 • Decline? Suleyman
Origins and leaders • Mehmet II (R. 1451-81) • Conquest of Constantinople, 1453 • Expansion • Balkans • Arabian peninsula • Mediterranean Mehmet II
Desiderius Erasmus 1469-1536 The Praise of Folly, 1509 Christian Humanist Biblical Scholar Erasmus by Holbein
Hapsburg vs Valois Francis I, 1494-1547 King of France, 1515-47 Charles V, 1500-58 Holy Roman Emperor, 1519-56
Protestant Reformation • Justification by Faith • Bible vs Tradition • Priesthood of all Believers Martin Luther 1483-1546
Protestant Reformation: Theology Justification by Faith: “It is clear, then, that a Christian has all that he needs in faith and needs no works to justify him.” The Freedom of a Christian (p. 601)
Protestant Reformation: Theology • Priesthood of Believers: “Christ has made it possible for us, provided we believe in him, to be . . . his fellow-priests.” The Freedom of a Christian (p. 607)
The Luther Story • Reform and Reformation • The Appeal of Luther • Power of Ideas • Princes • Printing Press • Peasants • Reformations