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Settling the Northern Colonies

A.D. 1619-1700. Settling the Northern Colonies. Preliminary Vocabulary Terms . Pilgrim: Separatist: Puritan: Dissenter:. Preliminary Vocabulary Terms. Pilgrim: One who wanders about without a permanent home, usually seeking a heavenly home. Preliminary Vocabulary Terms.

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Settling the Northern Colonies

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  1. A.D. 1619-1700 Settling the Northern Colonies

  2. Preliminary Vocabulary Terms • Pilgrim: • Separatist: • Puritan: • Dissenter:

  3. Preliminary Vocabulary Terms • Pilgrim: One who wanders about without a permanent home, usually seeking a heavenly home.

  4. Preliminary Vocabulary Terms • Pilgrim: One who wanders about without a permanent home, usually seeking a heavenly home. • Separatist: Those who separate themselves from something because of a disagreement

  5. Preliminary Vocabulary Terms • Pilgrim: One who wanders about without a permanent home, usually seeking a heavenly home. • Separatist: Those who separates themselves from something because of a disagreement • Puritan: English beneficiaries of the Protestant Reformation doctrines and ways; sought to purify the Church of England

  6. Preliminary Vocabulary Terms • Pilgrim: One who wanders about without a permanent home, usually seeking a heavenly home • Separatist: Those who separate themselves from something because of a disagreement • Puritan: English beneficiaries of the Protestant Reformation doctrines and ways; sought to purify the Church of England • Dissenter: One who rebels from or rejects an accepted norm or custom

  7. The Path of the Pilgrims • Beginning in England—Rejected the teachings of and separated from the Church of England Religious Persecution • Moved to Holland to escape—Holland offered greater measure of religious tolerance • Second Generation began to lose their “British-ness” • Back to England hoping to find a better environment  Disappointment

  8. Protestant Reformation • Martin Luther: The Bondage of the Will • John Calvin: Institutes of the Christian Religion • Teachings of Bible and an emphasis on predestination and the need for conversion

  9. The Pilgrims and Plymouth • Seeking Religious Freedom • The Mayflower Compact… • People to Know: • William Bradford (Governor) • Myles Standish (Captain of the Mayflower) • King Charles I: Dismissed Parliament and appointed… • Archbishop Laud: the anti-puritan • Puritans: Leave England because of threats

  10. Forming the MA Bay Colony • Motivated by Charles I and Archbishop Laud • Parliament has been dismissed • England was under firm control of the king and the church (Laud) • 1630s the “Great Migration” of puritans to N. America brings 20,000 to MA. • Puritans known for: • Intellectual power • Strong conviction and piety

  11. The Puritans • Known for: • Intellectual Power • Strong conviction and piety • Industry and hard work: Puritan Work Ethic • Vision of the “city on a hill” • Caricature: Dour and Judgmental (ex. TheCrucible, The Scarlet Letter) The Massachusetts Bay colony quickly grew and became the leader of the British colonies in N. America.

  12. The Growth of MA Bay • Government was not a democracy—not a good form of government (0pinion of John Winthrop) • Only full-fledged church members (puritans) were voters in the society • Government was elected to enforce God’s laws • Church was supported by colonial government

  13. Growth of MA Bay Cont. • Powerful preachers and interrogations for church membership • Congregational form of church government • Hard work and worldly living • Challenges: • Quakers • Anne Hutchinson • Roger Williams  Rhode Island…First Baptist Church; complete freedom of religion

  14. The Indian Issue • Indian populations prior to 1620…decimated by disease (Columbian Exchange) • Friendship at first  First Thanksgiving in 1621 with Massasoit and the Wampanoags • Pequot War in 1637 • Metacom and the Pan-Indian alliance • 1675—King Philip’s War…tragic defeat to New England’s Indians and slowed the westward expansion into the CT valley

  15. Colonial Expansion in New England • Colonies included: Plymouth, Maine, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New Haven  Formed the New England Confederation (first attempt at union) to ward off the Indians, and French and Dutch colonizers • English Civil Wars (1642-1649)—a time of royal neglect of the colonies  colonial strength

  16. New York and Pennsylvania • New Amsterdam (later New York), settled by the Dutch became an important financial (fur trade) and cultural center • Quakers (dissenters, belief in the inner light, pacifists) were not welcomed in MA and thus were forced to start their own colony—Pennsylvania (named after William Penn, a Quaker himself)

  17. The Middle Colonies • New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware • Fertile Soil • Plenty of water—rivers, lakes, streams • Main Industries: • Fur • Grain (“bread colonies”) • Milling and manufacturing because of water power

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