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Thermoregulation. Process by which animals maintain a tolerable internal temperature range Decrease in temp. by 10C = decrease in enzyme action 2 or 3x’s AND decreased fluidity in membrane
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Thermoregulation • Process by which animals maintain a tolerable internal temperature range • Decrease in temp. by 10C = decrease in enzyme action 2 or 3x’s AND decreased fluidity in membrane • Increase in temp = increase in enzyme action or slows (like hemoglobin) or denaturation occurs AND increases fluidity
Thermoregulation • Endotherms : organism is warmed by heat from metabolism so there is little internal temp fluctuation • Birds and mammals, many insects, some fish • More metabolism = More food consumption • Ectotherms: organism is warmed by external sources by changing behavior (shade v. sun), resulting in greater fluctuation in internal temp • Amphibians, reptiles, many fish and most invertebrates • Less metabolism = Less food **Some organisms can use both endothermy and ectothermy**
Thermoregulation Countercurrent Exchange: helps to heat birds and mammals by veins and arteries flowing against each other’s current (heated arteries transfer heat to cooler veins from extremities)