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THERMOREGULATION

THERMOREGULATION. Control of body temperature. © 2008 Paul Billiet ODWS. Core temperature. The core temperature of the human body is 37°C The core of the human body includes the organs of the thorax, abdomen and the head This is where the vital organs are located

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THERMOREGULATION

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  1. THERMOREGULATION Control of body temperature © 2008 Paul Billiet ODWS

  2. Core temperature • The core temperature of the human body is 37°C • The core of the human body includes the organs of the thorax, abdomen and the head • This is where the vital organs are located • Their enzyme systems must operate in optimum conditions • The periphery of the body can withstand some deviation from the core temperature © 2008 Paul Billiet ODWS

  3. Heat loss and heat gain The body must balance its heat budget Heat is gained: • by conduction from warm air surrounding the body • by the body’s metabolic activity which generates heat e.g. when muscle move Heat is lost: • by conduction and radiation to cold air (or water) • by evaporation of sweat from the body surface (c.f. properties of water) • Humans can also affect their body temperature by changing their behavioure.g. wearing different clothes, seeking shade © 2008 Paul Billiet ODWS

  4. Maintaining the body temperature © 2008 Paul Billiet ODWS

  5. Core body temperature >37°C Thermoreceptors Hypothalamus nerves Muscles of skin arteriole walls relax Sweat glands increase secretion Muscles reduce activity Skin arteries dilate More blood to the skin. More radiation & conduction of heat More water covers the skin. More evaporation Less heat generated © 2008 Paul Billiet ODWS

  6. Muscles of skin arteriole walls relax Sweat glands increase secretion Core body temperature >37°C nerves Hypothalamus Thermoreceptors Muscles reduce activity NEGATIVE FEEDBACK Blood temperature Thermoreceptors Body loses heat Return to 37°C © 2008 Paul Billiet ODWS

  7. Core body temperature <37°C Thermoreceptors nerves Hypothalamus Muscles of skin arteriole walls constrict nerves Sweat glands decrease secretion Skin arteries constrict Less blood to the skin. Less radiation & conduction of heat Muscles shivering Less water covers the skin. Less evaporation More heat generated © 2008 Paul Billiet ODWS

  8. Muscles of skin arteriole walls constrict nerves Sweat glands decrease secretion Core body temperature <37°C Hypothalamus Thermoreceptors Muscles shivering nerves NEGATIVE FEEDBACK Blood temperature Thermoreceptors Body loses less heat Return to 37°C Body gains heat © 2008 Paul Billiet ODWS

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