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Radiation Protection Guidelines for Dental Operators

Learn about sources of radiation, recommended limits, patient protection guidelines, equipment requirements, and dosimetry in dental radiology for ensuring safety of patients and operators.

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Radiation Protection Guidelines for Dental Operators

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  1. RADIATION PROTECTION Dept of ORAL MEDICINE AND RADIOLOGY YENEPOYA DENTAL COLLEGE MANGALORE

  2. SOURCES OF RADIATION • NATURAL • EXTERNAL • INTERNAL • ARTIFICIAL • MEDICAL • CONSUMER PRODUCTS • OTHERS

  3. NATURAL • EXTERNAL • COSMIC • TERRESTRIAL • INTERNAL • RADON • ARTIFICIAL • MEDICAL • DIAGNOSIS • NUCLEAR MEDICINE • CONSUMER PRODUCTS

  4. RECOMMENDED LIMITS

  5. RADIATION PROTECTION • PATIENT PROTECTION • PRIOR TO EXPOSURE • DURING EXPOSURE • AFTER EXPOSURE • OPERATOR PROTECTION • RADIATION EXPOSURE GUIDELINES • PATIENT EDUCATION

  6. PRIOR TO EXPOSURE • PRESCRIBING DENTAL RADIOGRAPHS • PROPER EQUIPMENT • FILTRATION • INHERENT  0.5 TO 1mm • ADDED  0.5 mm • TOTAL 1.5mm (below 70kvp) / 2.5mm • COLLIMATION 2.75 inches • POSITION INDICATING DEVICE

  7. FILTRATION

  8. COLIMATION Excess radiation Outline of size 2 intraoral film

  9. POSITION INDICATING DEVICE CONICAL ROUND RECTANGULAR

  10. ROUND RECTANGULAR

  11. DURING EXPOSURE • LEAD APRON • THYROID COLLAR • FAST FILM • E-speed ( reqires only ½ the exposure time) • D- speed • FILM HOLDING DEVICES • EXPOSURE FACTOR SELECTION • PROPER TECHNIQUE

  12. LEAD APRON

  13. FAST FILM / HOLDING DEVICE • E-speed film

  14. GRIDS • Quality improved by removing scattered radiation • Composition : • Lead & radiolucent material • Types : • Focussed grid • Bucky grid

  15. SECONDARY RADIATION X RAY FILM X RAY TUBE PRIMARY RADIATION GRID

  16. AFTER EXPOSURE • PROPER FILM HANDLING • PROPER FILM PROCESSING

  17. OPERATOR PROTECTION • DISTANCE • POSITION • SHIELDING • MONITORING • EQUIPMENT • PERSONNEL

  18. DOSIMETRY • Determining the quantity of radiation exposure • Dose  Amount of energy absorbed per unit mass at a site of intrest • Exposure  Measure of radiation based on its ability to produce ionization in air under standerd conditions of temparature & pressure

  19. Radiation quantities and units

  20. Thermoluminescence dosimeter T L material T L D reader EXPOSURE Equipment used to measure T L heated Emitted light proportonal to absorbed dose

  21. Parts of TLD reader • HEATER • PHOTOMULTIPLIER TUBE • HEAT FILTER ALOW THE LIGHT TO PASS • MEASURE THE EMMITED LIGHT • ELECTRONIC SYSTEM (POWER SUPPLY)

  22. TLD AVAILABLE IN • SOLID • POWDER • APPLICATION OF TLD • RADIOTHERAPY • RADIODIAGNOSIS • PERSONAL MONITORING

  23. P M TUBE FILTER TLD READER PROCEDURE TRAY HEATER

  24. ALARA(ALARP) MAXIMUM PERMISIBLE DOSE MAXIMUM ACCUMUMELATED DOSE

  25. QUESTION FOR TODAY WRITE HOW THE PATIENT & OPERATOR CAN BE PROTECTED ?

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