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THE ANKLE AND FOOT

THE ANKLE AND FOOT. BONES. A. Tibia 1. condyle (lateral and medial) 2. tibial tuberosity 3. medial malleolus B. Fibula 1. head 2. lateral malleolus. Medial Malleolus. Tibia . Tibia. Fibula. Lateral malleolus. BONES OF THE FOOT. Tarsal bones 1. Calcaneous 2. Talus 3. Navicular

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THE ANKLE AND FOOT

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  1. THE ANKLE AND FOOT

  2. BONES • A. Tibia • 1. condyle (lateral and medial) • 2. tibial tuberosity • 3. medial malleolus • B. Fibula • 1. head • 2. lateral malleolus

  3. Medial Malleolus Tibia

  4. Tibia

  5. Fibula • Lateral malleolus

  6. BONES OF THE FOOT • Tarsal bones • 1. Calcaneous • 2. Talus • 3. Navicular • 4. Cuboid (lateral, articulates with 4 and 5 metatarsals) • 5-7. Cuneiforms (medial, intermedial and lateral; articulate w/ 1-3 metatarsals) • 8. Metatarsals (1-5 from the medial to lateral side) • 9-11. Phalanges (distal, middle, proximal)

  7. Tarsal bones • 1. Calcaneous • 2. Talus • 3. Navicular • 4. Cuboid (lateral, articulates with 4 and 5 metatarsals) • 5-7. Cuneiforms (medial, intermedial and lateral; articulate w/ 1-3 metatarsals) • 8. Metatarsals (1-5 from the medial to lateral side) • 9. Phalanges

  8. Phalanges Metatarsals Tarsal bones

  9. Hallux or Great Toe

  10. What’s wrong with this picture?

  11. JOINTS • 33 joints and 26 bones. • Two major joints • The Ankle Joint • A hinge joint which is formed by the articulation of the TALUS with the MALLEOLI of the tibia and fibula. • Planter flexion and dorsal flexion primarily occur here. LM MM T

  12. JOINTS • The second major joint is the Subtalar Joint • Articulation between the TALUS and CALCANEUS. • Inversion and eversion primarily occur here.

  13. MOVEMENTS Dorsal flexion [15-20°] Plantar flexion [50°]

  14. MOVEMENTS • Inversion - raising medial border (20-30°) • Supination is similar to Inversion + plantar flexion + adduction (toe in) • Eversion - raising lateral border (5-15°) • Pronation is similar to Eversion + dorsal flexion + abduction (toe out) Inversion Eversion

  15. MOVEMENTS • Toe flexion • Toe extension

  16. STRUCTURE OF THE FOOT • The foot as a whole is usually described as an elastic arched structure, the keystone of the arch being the Talus. • The talus has no muscles attached to it and it receives and transmit the entire weight of the body.

  17. Lateral longitudinal arch ARCHES • Longitudinal arches • Lateral longitudinal arch- calcaneous, cuboid, and 4 and 5 metatarsals. • Medial longitudinal arch - calcaneous, talus, navicular, 3 cuneifroms, 3 med. metatarsals Medial longitudinal arch

  18. Lateral Arch Medial Arch 3 3

  19. Longitudinal arches • Lateral - calcaneous, cuboid, and 4th and 5th metatarsals. • Medial - calcaneous, talus, navicular, 3 cuneifroms, 3 medial metatarsals

  20. Transverse arch - anterior tarsal bones and the metatarsals. 5th metatarsal – 1st metatarsal

  21. REVIEW of the ANKLE and FOOT Castle Orthopedic Web Page

  22. 1 is the…? Calcaneous 2 is the…? Talus 3 is the…? Navicular 4 is the…? Cuboid 5 is the…? First Cuneiform 6 is the…? Second Cuneiform 7 is the…? Third Cuneiform 8 is the…? First metatarsal 9 is the…? Proximal phalange 10 is the…? Middle phalange 11 is the…? Distal phalange

  23. Name the landmark Lateral Malleolus

  24. 4. 1. 2. 1? Talus 2? Navicular 3? 1st Cuneform 4? Calcaneous 3. Medial view

  25. What term refers to the great toe? Hallux

  26. Name the actions ? ? Inversion Eversion

  27. Name the two movements at the toes • Toe flexion • Toe extension

  28. Dorsi Flexion 1. Name the action 2. Name the action Plantar Flexion

  29. Phalanges Metatarsals Cuneiforms Navicular Talus Cuboid Calcaneus 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

  30. Name the landmark

  31. Name the actions of the ankle to the left and the ankle to the right. Eversion Inversion

  32. Name the action • Plantar flexion

  33. Name the action • Inversion

  34. Name them all 1. Calcaneous 2. Talus 3. Navicular 4. Cuboid 5. First Cuneiform 6.Second Cuneiform 7.Third Cuneiform 8. Third Metatarsal (and Fifth Metatarsal)

  35. Name the action at the ankle joint. • Plantar flexion • Name the action at the metatarsal phalange joint • Extension or Hyperextension

  36. Talus • Navicular • Cuboid • Intermediate (2nd) cuneiform • 3rd metatarsal • 4th distal phalange • 2nd middle phalange • 1st distal phalange

  37. Name the landmark Medial malleolus

  38. Middle phalange of the 3rd toe • Proximal phalange of the 1st toe • Distal phalange of the 5th toe • 2nd Metacarpal • 1st Cuniform • 2nd Cuniform • 3rd Cuniform • Navicular • Cubiod • Talus • Calcanious

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