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Biomolecules discussion

Biomolecules discussion. What is a Biomolecule?. Organic molecule made by living organisms Consist mostly of carbon (C), hydrogen (H), and oxygen (O). Monomers vs. Polymers. Monomers: Molecules that may react with similar molecules to form a chain Polymers:

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Biomolecules discussion

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  1. Biomolecules discussion

  2. What is a Biomolecule? • Organic molecule made by living organisms • Consist mostly of carbon (C), hydrogen (H), and oxygen (O)

  3. Monomers vs. Polymers • Monomers: • Molecules that may react with similar molecules to form a chain • Polymers: • A chain of many monomers that are chemically bonded together

  4. Formation of Polymers • Dehydration Synthesis (Condensation): Two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom are removed from the monomers to form water, and the two monomers are joined together.

  5. Breakdown of Polymers • Hydrolysis—the reverse of dehydration synthesis (condensation) • Water added to the polymer, un-linking the chain and breaking it back down to its original monomer units

  6. Carbohydrates • Group of organic molecules that includes sugars, starches and cellulose. • Function: • Energy • Structural Support • Cell Wall • Cell Membrane Marker

  7. Monosaccharide Example

  8. Disaccharide Example

  9. Polysaccharide Example

  10. Lipids • Organic molecule group including fats and phospholipids • Function: • Energy storage • Insulation • Part of cell membrane (phospholipids) • Hormones • Monomer: • Glycerol and fatty acids • Insoluble in water • Do not form large polymers

  11. Proteins • Group of organic molecules that provides structure and facilitates chemical reactions. • Function: • Enzymes (speed rate of chemical reactions) • Structural components in cells • Mechanical functions in muscles and cytoskeleton (internal cell framework) • Cell signaling • Immune response

  12. Proteins • Structure: • Monomer: Amino acids • Amino acids connect via peptide bonds • Very large molecules • Globular or structural

  13. DNA • deoxyribonucleic acid • is the hereditary material • Monomer - nucleotides

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