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Power, Sexism, Heterosexism. Power, Sexism, Heterosexism The Nature of the Beast by Anita Hill Rape and Sexual Assault, by James A. Doyle How the Entertainment Industry Degrades Women by Martha Burk and Kirsten Shaw (77) Killing Us Softly 3 - Advertising's Image of Women
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Power, Sexism, Heterosexism • Power, Sexism, Heterosexism • The Nature of the Beast by Anita Hill • Rape and Sexual Assault, by James A. Doyle • How the Entertainment Industry Degrades Women by Martha Burk and Kirsten Shaw (77) • Killing Us Softly 3 - Advertising's Image of Women • Mothers of Convention by Lindsy Van Gelder (94)
Power, Sexism, Heterosexism • Patriarchy, sexism • Economic, political, cultural • Feminism • Egalitarian • Transformational • Recent history – feminist movement, backlash, etc.
Discrimination Based on Gender Includes • Socialization – early childhood and beyond • Schooling, including steering males and females toward different subjects, majors • Employment - hiring and promotion (glass ceiling), sexual harassment • Family – females do a disproportionate amount of housework and child-raising, even in heterosexual households with two full-time workers • Violence – rape and sexual assault, battering
The Nature of the Beast by Anita Hill • Background • Sexual Harassment • Definition • Prevalence • Claims by Hill • Pervasive • Often unreported • When reported, responses are often unhelpful
III. Discussion • Discussion – what is appropriate and what is inappropriate • What do you do about it? (prevention, response) Why? • What should you do about it? Why?
James A. Doyle, Rape and Sexual Assault • Rape is • A violent sexual act • Performed by many • [Current statistics] • Reinforced by the dominant patriarchal values • Most cultures in the world contribute to rape and sexual assault
Rape and Power • Premise: rape is primarily a crime of dominance and aggression • For many men, dominance is a major part of self-image, and carries over into sexual life • Research cited
The problem of numbers • Underreporting historically a problem • Caused in part by stigmatization • Has been changing, partly because of organizing and work by rape prevention groups, many of which include men
Rape as a Social Concern • Prevention strategies • For individual women • Restrictive • Assertive • [for individual men, education and discussion] • Social and institutional issues • Media images • Gender role
How the Entertainment Industry Degrades Women, by Martha Burk and Kirsten Shaw • Says there is an “epidemic” of “gender-specific violence” [1992] • Claims that the complacent reaction is “shored up by the background noise of media images telling us it is acceptable” • Cites examples of movies and television • Argues children are especially influence
Killing Us Softly 3 - Advertising's Image of Womenfeaturing Jean Kilbourne (2000) • Key points – see reading notes • See also • http://www.genderads.com/
Mothers of Contention, Lindsy Van Gelder • Key Points • Power and heterosexism • Marginalization of homosexuals • In this case, of lesbian parents