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CIRCULATORY SYSTEM. by d. jones. BLOOD VESSELS. STANDARD. students know: how the complementary activity of major body systems provides cells with oxygen and nutrients, and removes toxic waste products such as carbon dioxide. ESLR: Complex Thinker
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CIRCULATORY SYSTEM by d. jones
STANDARD • students know: how the complementary activity of major body systems provides cells with oxygen and nutrients, and removes toxic waste products such as carbon dioxide.
ESLR: • Complex Thinker • By the end of this program you should be able to compare and contrast the structure and function of each type of blood vessel. • You should know the structure and function of the components of blood.
ARTERIES • carry blood from the heart • round • thick, elastic walls • high pressure
BLOOD PRESSURE • Measured using sphygmomanometer • systolic pressure • highest pressure • caused by ventricles contracting • diastolic pressure • lowest pressure • caused by ventricles relaxing • reported as systolic pressure/diastolic pressure ( normal =110/80)
VEINS • carry blood to heart • oval • not as thick or elastic as arteries • have valves
CAPILLARIES • exchange materials • oxygen/carbon dioxide • nutrients/waste • one cell layer thick
DISORDERS • heart attack • blocked coronary artery • cells die because of lack of oxygen & nutrients • stroke • blocked or broken blood vessel in brain • cells die because of lack of oxygen & nutrients
atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries) • plaques form in the arteries • arteries are narrowed • blood pressure increases
hypertension (high blood pressure) • blood pressure is continuously high • causes vary • stress • obesity • high salt intake • smoking • varicose veins • weak valves • blood pools above good valve