Satellite Issues relevant to THORPEX Roger Saunders with input from Chris Velden and many others

1. Satellite Issues relevant to THORPEX Roger Saunders with input from Chris Velden and many others

2. Overview • Current status • Future Geostationary • Future Polar • New challenges for DA

3. Current Status • All geostationary satellites operational GOES 11/13 &12 to S. America, JMA switched from MTSAT-1R to -2 • New Geostationary satellites COMS (1 Vis, 4IR channels) and GOMS-2 (3 Vis, 7IR channels) looking good • Indian Oceansat-2 scatterometer looks promising to replace Quikscat. • Chinese FY-3 series providing good MW sounder data for NWP. ECMWF ready to assimilate MWHS radiances. • NPP and METOP-B to launch 2011/12 • Extension of EOS (~2015) and ENVISAT (~2014) • McMurdo is coming online will reduce data delay by 50%

4. New METOP polar AMVs MODIS AMVs Triplets METOP AMVs Image pairs Morecoverage

5. ISRO L2B vs ECMWF • SDs of differences given • Outliers reason for degradation w.r.t. OWDP ? • Bias at low speeds • Vector RMS difference of 2.6 m/s (>2 m/s) 1.56 m/s 14.29 deg 1.87 m/s 1.76 m/s v2010

6. Status of FY3A data at ECMWF • MWTS / MWHS monitored since 9th Nov 2010. • Problems with data stability and spikes continue (but recent steps to ground processing are an improvement) • We will activate the data in ECMWF operations when the data is reliable and stable MEAN FG_DEP STD FG_DEP See : http://www.ecmwf.int/products/forecasts/d/charts/monitoring/satellite/FY/mwts/ 17th Feb 2011 – 8th April 2011

7. GOMS vis image

8. Future GeostationarySatellites (next decade) • Meteosat Third Generation Imager and Sounder • Launch in 2016/18, six satellites in series, 3 axis stabilised • High spectral IR Sounder 700-1210 and 1600-2175cm-1 • 16 channel VIS+IR Imager (10min scan, 2km fov) • Lightning Imager • UVNS Sounder for atmospheric chemistry (Sentinel-4) • GOES-R Series • -R launch in 2015, -S launch in 2017 • Advanced imager • Lightning mapper • Space Weather instrument suite • http://www.goes-r.gov/ for more details • FY-4 series • COMS-Next • Electro-L/GOMS

12. COMS follow-on Satellite Program 2009 COMS 2005 Scientific Satellite 2 2003 Scientific Satellite 1 2004 KOMPSAT 2 2005 KOREASAT 5 2015 COMS Next 2015 KOMPSAT 7 2013 Scientific Satellite 5 2015 Scientific Satellite 6 2015 KOMPSAT 8 2015 KOREASAT 6 • The preliminary study for meteorological mission of the follow-on satellite was finished in 2007. • The feasibility study for next multi-purpose geostationary satellite is scheduled on August 2008. • COMS follow-on satellite program is scheduled to begin in 2010, and to be launched in 2015. • Plan to develop the high performance MI of the next generation satellite. 2006 COMS (2009) 2001 1999 KOMPSAT 1 2009 KOMPSAT 3 2009 KOMPSAT4 National space program in Korea 1999 KITSAT 3 2010 Scientific Satellite 3 1999 KOREASAT 3 2009 KOMPSAT5 2011 2011 Scientific Satellite4 2012 KOMPSAT 6 COMS Next (2015)

13. Future GeostationarySatellites (next decade) • Advanced Hyperspectral Sounder Update (U.S) • GeoMetWatch (GMW), a commercial entity, has responded to a request by NOAA to provide an innovative approachof co-hosting an operational, hyper-spectral Geo sounder on one of the many existing commercial satellite systems. • Fee-for-Service, 24/7 operational sounder data • The GMW commercial sounder would restore most of the capabilities of the previously proposed HES. • The spectral resolution of the GMW sounder is currently proposed to be the same as the GIFTS spec and comparable with 2 of the original HES bands trade studies. • Proposed coverage implementation: 2014-2020 (6 operational sounders, global coverage)

14. Future PolarSatellites • ESA ADM delay to 2013 due to laser reliability • Japanese GCOM-W will provide AMSR continuity • JPSS (replaces NPOESS) • NPP late 2011 • First JPSS 2017 launch in PM orbit • VIIRS, CrIS, ATMS, OMPS and CERES/ERBS • DWSS to replace DMSP ~ 2018 with MIS • Post EPS • Under definition studies • Base payload: Vir/IR imager, IR sounder, MW sounder, scatterometer, UVNS sounder

15. Future PolarSatellites Megha Tropiques: late 2011 GPM: 2013 COSMIC-2 Meteor-3M PCW

16. Polar Communications and Weather Mission - Objectives • Reliable communications and navigation servicesin the high latitudes (North of 70º) to ensure: • Security • Sustainable Development • Support to Northern Communities • Safety of the Air and Marine Navigation • Arctic Science • High temporal/spatial resolution meteorologicaldata above 50º N in support of: • Numerical Weather Prediction (short to medium range) • Environmental monitoring, emergency response • Climate monitoring • Space Weather Monitoring • Canadian-led mission with international partnerships • Canadian contribution to WMO space-based observing system • data policy consistent with Resolution 40

17. Mission Concept: 2017 launch 2 satellites in highly-elliptical Molniya orbit (HEO) 12-h period 63.4 deg. Inclination Apogee: ~39,500 km Perigee: ~550 km ContinuousGEO-like imagery 50N-90 N (refresh rate 15 minutes) 2-way, 24/7 high data rate communication services (up to 12 Mb/sec) Ka-band

18. High resolution models 1.5km Model How to assimilate satellite data in this model ? Meteosat IR

19. Main messages for THORPEX • Extended life of some research satellites helps to mitigate losses elsewhere • Reduced thinning of AMSU-A shown to beneficial • Hyperspectral sounder in GEO orbit now approved by Europe on MTG, assimilation of PCs new area of research • Contribution to GOS by nations increasing (e.g. FY-3, Oceansat-2) to fill future gaps in GOS • Further delay in ESA wind lidar • Challenge of assimilation of satellite data in high resolution local area models and extend use of advanced IR sounders (cloudy rads, use PCs,..)